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Transcript
Fall Final Exam Flip Chart
French 2
Semester 1
RE VERBS
• To Conjugate RE Verbs
– Remove the RE
– Add the ending that agrees with the subject
• Je –s
• Tu-s
• Il/elle – nothing
nous -ons
vous -ez
ils/elles -ent
• RE verbs
Vendre
Repondre
rendre
entendre
perdre
descendre
IR VERBS
• To Conjugate IR verbs
– Remove the IR
– Add the ending that agrees with the subject
• Je –is
• Tu – is
• Il/elle – it
nous-issons
vous – issez
ils/elles - issent
• IR verbs
– Rougir
– Choisir
grossir
finir
maigrir
grandir
ER VERBS
• All regular ER verbs have the following endings
– Je ___ e
– Tu___ es
– Il/elle/on___ e
• Regular ER verbs
–
–
–
–
Travailler
Danser
Chanter
ETC…
nous____ ons
vous____ ez
ils/elles ____ ent
ER verbs
• Some ER verbs have spelling changes
• Acheter
Préférer
– J’achète
– Tu achètes
– Il achète
– Nous achetons
– Vous achetez
– Elles achètent
Je préfère
tu préfères
il préfère
nous préférons
vous préférez
elles préfèrent
ER Verbs
• –ger and –cer have spelling changes in
the nous form only
– Manger
• Nous mangeons
– Commencer
• Nous commençons
Prendre, Dormir, Sortir and Partir
• Prendre = To take, to have (food)
– Je prends
– Tu prends
– il/elle prend
nous prenons
vous prenez
ils/elles prennent
Prendre, Dormir, Sortir and Partir
• Dormir
– Je dors
– Tu dors
– Il/elle dort
– nous dormons
– Vous dormez
– Ils/elles dorment
Sortir
je sors
tu sors
il/elle sort
nous sortons
vous sortez
ils/elles sortent
Prendre, Dormir, Sortir and Partir
• Partir
– Je pars
– Tu pars
– Il/elle part
– Nous partons
– Vous partez
– ils/elles partent
Direct Object Pronouns
• A direct object is the person or thing receiving the action
of the verb
• Direct Objects can be nouns or pronouns. To avoid
repetition, direct objects can be replaced by direct object
pronouns.
Me = me
nous = us
Te = you
Singular or informal
Le/La = him/her/it
vous = you
Plural or formal
Les = them
Direct Object Pronouns
• In the present tense, the direct object
pronoun goes before the conjugated verb
– J’envoie la lettre.
– Je l’envoie.
• If there is an infinitive, place the direct
object pronoun before the infinitive.
– Je vais envoyer les cartes.
– Je vais les envoyer
Indirect Object Pronouns
• An indirect object is the person who
benefits from the action of the verb.
• In French indirect objects are almost
ALWAYS preceded by à and are often
used in giving and receiving.
Indirect Object Pronouns
• Indirect object pronouns are used to avoid
repetition. Place the indirect object pronoun
before the conjugated verb.
Me = (to)me
Nous = (to) us
Te = (to) you
Singular or informal
Lui = (to) him/her
Vous = (to) you
Plural or formal
Leur = (to) them
ORDER OF PRONOUNS
• If you have a sentence with a direct object
pronoun, and/or an indirect object pronoun
place the pronouns in the following order
Me
le
Te
la
lui
Nous
les
leur
vous
ORDER OF PRONOUNS
• Examples
– J’envoie cette carte à mon ami.
• Je la lui envoie.
– Nous offrons à mes amis un ballon
• Nous leur en offrons un.
Passé Composé with Avoir
• To form the passé composé:
– Subject + Helping Verb (avoir) + Past
Participle of the main verb
• Past Participles of regular ER, IR and RE
verbs are
– ER -> é
– IR -> I
– Re -> u
Passé Composé with Avoir
• Examples:
– J’ai parlé francais.
– Nous avons fini nos devoirs
– Ils ont vendu les fleurs.
• Remember with avoir the past participle
does not change….just the helping verb
changes to agree with the subject
Passé Composé with Avoir
• Many verbs you know that use avoir as a helping
verb have irregular past participles that must be
memorized.
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Boire (bu)
Avoir (eu)
Dire (dit)
Écrire (écrit)
Mettre (mis)
offrir (offert)
Pouvoir (pu)
Vouloir (voulu)
Voir (vu)
savoir (su
être (été)
faire (fait)
prendre (pris)
connaître (connu)
pleuvoir (plu)
Passé Composé with être
• A select set of verbs use être as a helping
verb instead of avoir.
• When using être as a helping verb, the
past participle MUST agree with the
subject in gender and number
– Elle est sortie
– Nous sommes sortis
– Elles sont sorties
Passé Composé with être
• To help us remember which verbs use être we
use the acronym DR & MRS. VANDERTRAMP
–
–
–
–
–
–
Devenir
Revenir
&
Mourir
Retourner
Sortir
Venir
Aller
Naître
Descendre
Entrer
Rentrer
Tomber
Rester
Arriver
Monter
Passer / Partir