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Basics rules of writing well… Turn to page 11 of your writing handbook, review the basic rules of writing and complete the activity. Be prepared to discuss your responses. RULE Practice Sentence Don't use no double negatives. I don’t have no money. Make each pronoun agree with their antecedents. (pg #) Everyone needs to buy their own ticket. Every one needs to buy his or her own ticket. Do not split two complete sentences with a comma, it’s called a comma splice. I love my mother, she has always been there for me. I love my mother. She has always been there for me. About them sentence fragments. On the way to the park. On the way to the park I saw a gorilla. I don’t have any money. When dangling, watch While walking to the The bus hit the kitten park, the bus hit the your participles. while walking to the park. kitten. Verbs has got to agree with their subjects. (pg #) She really need to get a new car. She really needs to get a new car. Don't write run-on sentences they are hard to read. I never listen to the teacher that is why I always fail the tests I know I should listen but I don’t. Don't use commas, Let’s meet at the gas which aren't necessary. station, that is on the corner of 3rd and Elm. I always fail the test because I never listen to the teach even though I should. Let’s meet at the gas station on the corner of 3rd and Elm. Try to not ever split infinitives I really want to just sit down and relax. Its important to use your apostrophe's correctly. Venus Williams has won 4 Wimbledon’s. Venus Williams has won 4 Wimbledons. That is such a grate essay! That is such a great I am so glad I proofread it essay! I’m so glad I before aI turned it in. proofread it before I I have always marched to turned it in! the beat of a different drummer. I have always followed my own path. Proofread your writing to see if you any words out. Avoid cliches like the plague. I really want just to sit down and relax. Correct speling is essential. I didn’t look over my essay before I turned it in, and I am probly going to get a bad grade. Eschew ostentatious erudition. (pg. #) The circumstances of the calamity that has befallen me have completely intimidated my previous giddiness about this topic. I didn’t look over my essay before I turned it in, and I am probably going to get a bad grade. This calamity has ruined my excitement. Word Labyrinths Revealed: Reducing Wordiness What is wordiness? FLUFF FLOWERY EXCESSIVE LONG Sentences ≠ “SMARTER” “SMARTER” writing is… Clear To the Point Concise How do I reduce wordiness? Many ways including… – Making subjects and verbs stronger and agreeable. – Changing passive to active voice. – Omitting filler phrases – Combine sentences – Use proper punctuation – Use proper parallelism Review: Writing Handbook Page 12-14 Linking verb – Passive – Connect the subject of the verb to additional information about the subject (see pg. 11) Helping verb – Passive – help the main verb in a sentence by extending the meaning of the verb Action verb – Active! – Show that the subject is doing something, not just existing. Action verbs SHOW rather than TELL. The man is a monster. Does this show or tell? – Not very vivid…in fact it’s dull. – So…change it to action to show he is a monster. The man ripped off the sheep’s head and ate the eyeballs with a sickening squishy crunch. The Holy Matrimony of Verbs & Subjects Strongest verbs SHOW rather than_______. Subjects are _____ and ________ that PERFORM the action of the verb Active Voice = A+ Active voice: When the subject performs the action Passive voice: When the action is performed on the subject. In other words, you’ve made the object into the subject. – Weak: The truck was loaded with crates of bananas by the workers. – Better: The workers loaded the truck with crates of bananas. Passive voice is NOT Grammatically incorrect! It’s a style issue. Active voice makes the writing more concise and thus more enjoyable for the reader. Subject (Noun/Pronoun) & Verb Agreement A SUBJECT is either ________ (one) or ______ (many) The VERB must always AGREE (change form to match) with the SUBJECT SINGLE subject = ________ verb; PLURAL subject = ________ verb Avoid these phrases when possible! Common Filler Phrases It is There is There are This This is impt. b/c That Which Given the fact that Would Could It seems that Prepositions like of, by, from Intensifiers: very, extremely, This means that Should Combining sentences Use a colon for explanatory sentences rather than introducing it a second time in a second sentence Combine closely related short sentences with semi-colons or conjunctions Wordy Concise The theater has three main technical The theater has three main technical areas. These areas are costumes, scenery, areas: costumes, scenery, and lighting. and lighting. The director is concerned about problems. Typical problems may occur with lighting, sound, and props. The director is concerned about typical problems with lighting, sound, and props. Remember when combining to have correct parallel structure… Turn to page 22 of your writing handbook Correct Parallelism 1. Our forty second president, William Jefferson Clinton, is a complex man who demonstrates great authority and is organized as a leader, but his disrespect for the feminine population and being arrogant are unorthodox qualities at best and personal vices at worst. arrogance Corrected Our forty second president, William Jefferson Clinton, is a complex man who demonstrates great authority and is organized as a leader, but his disrespect for the feminine population and arrogance are unorthodox qualities at best and personal vices at worst. Page 20 of your Writing Handbook 1. The first person that I met at the party was Cindy. Cindy was a blonde who had bright green eyes. I met Cindy , sentences… a blonde with Combine Ask bright yourselfgreen what eyes, has party been repeated here? How can I take at the first. out unnecessary words and phrases? Is it an active or passive sentence? If it is passive, can I make it active? 2. The woman who was keeping score made a mistake. The woman scorekeeper made a mistake. Combine sentences… Ask yourself what has been repeated here? How can I take The made mistake. out scorekeeper unnecessary words and a phrases? Is it an active or passive sentence? If it is passive, can I make it active? Your turn… Finish the rest of page 20. Take your time in reducing the wordiness of each sentence. They are all common mistakes. Exit Ticket Choose one of the sentences on your worksheet. Write the number at the top of the small paper Write your corrected version Put your name on the exit ticket and turn it in before you leave today.