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Rojo 9B APUNTES Direct Object Pronouns: me te lo la nos os los las Me = me nos = us Te = you os = you guys (Spain) Lo = him, it, you (male ,formal) Los = them, you guys La = her, it, you (female, formal) Las = them (female), you gals (female) Direct objects show who or what receives the action of the verb. To avoid repetition, use a direct object pronoun. Ex: I am watching the game. = Yo veo el partido. I am watching it. = Yo LO veo. 1. Put the D.O. pronouns BEFORE a conjugated verb. Ex: Yo los pego. = I hit them. Berguita me besa. = Berguita kisses me. Placement rules: • 2. They can also be ATTACHED to an infinitive, OR they can go BEFORE the entire verb phrase when there is an infinitive. Ex: I am going to hit them! = ¡Yo los voy a pegar! OR ¡Voy a pegarlos! Conocer Present Progressive Present Progressive To say what is happening RIGHT NOW: form of estar estoy estás está estamo s estáis están + stem of infin. present participle + “ando” or “iendo” Ex: We are listening to music = Estamos eschuando la música. They are doing their homework = Están haciendo su tarea. (The “-ANDO” ,“-IENDO” and “-YENDO” in Spanish are like “-ING” endings in English.) Present Progressive • Used to say what is happening RIGHT NOW at this VERY MOMENT. Ex: Leave me alone, I am sleeping! • Formula : • 1. form of estar V + 2. present participle V estoy estamos estás estáis está están Stem of Plus: infinitivo -ando -iendo -yendo • Ex: We are listening to music = • Estamos eschuando la música. • They are doing their homework = • Están haciendo su tarea. • (The “-ANDO” ,“-IENDO” and “-YENDO” in Spanish are like “-ING” endings • in English.) • Use “-ANDO” for –ar verbs • “-IENDO” for –er and –ir verbs • “-YENDO” for verbs whose Stems end in an “E” or “I” like creer and leer If this is the case, change the “i” to a “y” so that you do not have 3 vowels in a row. Ex: Leer leyendo; Traer trayendo --Estoy leyendo = I am reading. •Key pregunta: ¿Qué estás haciendo ahora? = What are you doing now? For Reflexivos: (2 options) Ex.: Maquillarse I am putting on makeup. = 1) Me estoy maquillando. OR: 2) Estoy maquillándome. ********************************************** **** “-ir” stem changers in present have a DIFFERENT stem change in the participle: pedir = pidiendo dormir = durmiendo servir = sirviendo venir = viniendo