Download DEPENDENT USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE

DEPENDENT
USES OF THE
SUBJUNCTIVE
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CLAUSES
INDEPENDENT (MAIN) CLAUSES:
– CAN OPERATE AS A SENTENCE ON THEIR
OWN.
DEPENDENT (SUBORDINATE)
CLAUSES:
– CANNOT OPERATE AS A SENTENCE ON
THEIR OWN
INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
INDEPENDENT CLAUSES USE
INDICATIVE VERBS:
MERCATOR DE VIA CUCURRIT
THE MERCHANT RAN DOWN THE
ROAD
DEPENDENT CLAUSES
DEPENDENT CLAUSES NEED AN
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE TO MAKE A
SENTENCE:
CUM MERCATOR CANEM AUDIVISSET,
DE VIA CUCURRIT
WHEN THE MERCHANT HEARD THE
DOG HE RAN DOWN THE STREET
SUBJUNCTIVE vs INDICATIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE VERBS ARE IN
DEPENDENT CLAUSES
INDICATIVE VERBS CAN BE IN EITHER
DEPENDENT OR INDEPENDENT
CLAUSES
DEPENDENT USES OF THE
SUBJUNCTIVE
CUM CLAUSES
INDIRECT QUESTIONS
PURPOSE CLAUSES
INDIRECT COMMANDS
RESULT CLAUSES
CUM CLAUSES
CUM TEMPORAL (CIRCUMSTANTIAL)
CUM + SUBJUNCTIVE VERB
TRANSLATED AS “WHEN”
CUM MERCATOR CANEM AUDIVISSET,
DE VIA CUCURRIT
WHEN THE MERCHANT HEARD THE
DOG HE RAN DOWN THE STREET
INDIRECT QUESTION
VERB OF ASKING +INTERROGATIVE+
SUBJUNCTIVE
VIR ROGAT UBI AMBULARES
THE MAN ASKS WHERE ARE YOU
WALKING.
THERE WILL NOT BE A QUESTION MARK!
PURPOSE CLAUSE
UT+SUBJUNCTIVE
TRANSLATE “IN ORDER THAT” “THAT”
or “TO”
CONSUMAVI UT VIVEREM
I ATE IN ORDER THAT I MIGHT LIVE
or
I ATE TO LIVE
INDIRECT COMMAND
VERB OF COMMAND + UT + SUBJ.
TRANSLATED “TO”
LEGATUS IUSSIT UT SERVI
CENAVISSENT
THE COMMANDER ORDERED THE
SLAVES TO EAT DINNER
RESULT CLAUSE
UT + SUBJ + (TAM, ADEO, TANTA, TOT)
TRANSLATED “SO THAT”
puer fuit tam modestus ut omnes puellae
eum amavissent
The boy is so modest that all the girls love
him
HOW DO I KNOW?
CUM CLAUSE
CUM+SUBJ.
IND. QUESTION
ASKING VERB+ASKING WORD+SUBJ
PURPOSE
UT+SUBJ
IND. COMMAND
ORDER VERB+UT+SUBJ
RESULT
UT+SUBJ+(ADEO/TOT/TAM/TANTUS