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• • • • • • • • Nouns Pronouns Adjectives Verbs Adverbs Prepositions Conjunctions Interjections NOUNS A noun is a word or word group that is used to name a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. • • • • • • Compound nouns: living room, Father’s Day, self-control Common nouns: book, job, story, writer Proper nouns: Debra Brown, Scrabble, New York City Concrete nouns: song, hubcap, dog Abstract nouns: loyalty, dishonor, trust Collective nouns: audience, family, batch, herd, class PRONOUNS A pronoun is a word used in place of one or more nouns or pronouns. • • • • • • • Personal pronouns: I you he it they we Reflexive pronouns: myself yourself themselves Intensive pronouns: she herself I myself Demonstrative pronouns: this that these those Relative pronouns: which that Interrogative pronouns: who which whose Indefinite: several nobody few many some ADJECTIVES An adjective is a word that is used to modify a noun or pronoun. An adjective tells what kind, which one, how much, or how many. • Articles: a an the • Demonstrative adjectives: this pen that shoe these papers those desks • Common adjectives: red petite twenty • Proper adjectives: African Italian Chinese VERBS Express acti on or state of being. ACTION VERB Expresses physical or mental acti vity. LINKIN G VERB Expresses state of being and connects or li nks the subject to words in the predicate. HELPING VERB Helps the main verb express action or state of being. TRANSITIVE VERB Expresses an action directed toward a noun. INTRANSITIVE VERB Expresses acti on without the action passing to a receiver or object. think seem was thinking wrote the answers thinks well write feel has seemed sang a song runs fast wonder am does write hit the ball stretched before the race dream is maybe ordered the book landed after dark ADVERBS An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. An adverb tells where, when, how(how often, how long, how much), or to what extent. • Adverbs end most commonly in -ly • Suddenly • Quickly • Swiftly • Slowly • Adverbs sometimes do not end in -ly • Not • Very • Rather • Quite • Too PREPOSITIONS A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word. They always are found in a prepositional phrase. THERE ARE MANY PREPOSTIONS. SEE HOW MANY ARE POSSIBLE TO USE IN THIS ONE BLANK. The tree fell ________the house. toward against near inside beyond with past over in on by CONJUNCTIONS A conjunction is a word that joins words or word groups. Coordinating conjunctions: and, or, but Subordinating conjunctions: when because since so Correlative conjunctions: either/or neither/nor INTERJECTIONS EXPRESS EMOTION