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Shia Islam
Nada Ismail , Shaheen Parvizi,
Dekoiya Burton
Cameron Kauder
Origin/Story
• After the last prophet, Mohammed, died in 632 AD, a
successor or caliph was supposed to be chosen.
(There is debate weather or not Mohammed had chosen a caliph before he
died)
• Mohammed had a cousin named Ali ibn Abi Talib
who believed by the Shia body was supposed to be
the first caliph BUT he wasn’t…
• Abu Bakr, a companion of the prophet, was chosen
as the 1st caliph from 632-634
• Umar was the 2nd caliph from 634-644
• Uthman was the 3rd caliph from 644-656
• Ali was then the 4th caliph
Conflict-Split
• The split of the Sunni/Shia originally began from
the debate of the first caliph. The Shia body
believed that Ali should have been the first
caliph.
• The word Shia is derived from Shia-t-Ali or the
followers of Ali.
• The difference was more political than moral and
that the caliph should have stayed between the
family (Ali-Fatima) but Abu Bakr a companion
was chosen, ‘’more capable’’
Ali ,Hassan, and Hussein
•
All through his governing period, Ali faced strong opposition. First he
was opposed by Aisha, Muhammad's favorite wife, but the strongest
opposition was raised by Mu'awiyya from the Ummayad family based
in Syria. The assassinated Caliph, Uthman, had been the kinsman of
Mu'awiyya, and he accused Ali for not having charged his murderers.
In 658, Ali gave in to Mu'awiyya's criticism, and established an
investigation committee. This compromise shocked many Muslims,
and a group of them broke with Ali. This group soon came to be
known as Kharijis, and when Ali was murdered in 661, this was
probably the act of a member of the Khariji sect.
Following the assassination of Ali a short period of disorder came,
until the Caliphate was reorganized under the rule of Mu'awiya who
established the Umayyad dynasty. Mu'awiya's rule brought many
innovations to Islam and the old partisans of Ali formed the nucleus of
the opposition. Yet, Ali's eldest son Hassan came to an
accommodation with Mu'awiya, so there was still no division in Islam.
When Hassan died, Ali's second son Husayn, became the leader of
the opposition. Through his claim on the Caliphate, he made clear that
there was a clear division between Ali's followers and the Umayyad
Caliphs.
Leaders-Historical Figures
• Mohammed-the last prophet of Islam for both Sunni and
Shia Islam. He was the ‘’messenger of god’’ and heard
the angel Gabriel.
• Ali-the cousin of Mohammed and was the fourth caliph.
He is one of the memorable figures of the Shia body and
the Shia body are mostly his followers…He dies on the
21st of Ramadan by being stricken with a poisonous
sword in 661 AC by one of originally his own people…
• Hussein-is the youngest son of Ali; he agreed to wait to
be caliph, and was betrayed by Muawiyah and lost a
battle that left the Shia to be dominated by Sunni…The
Shia actually split during his reign….
IMAMS OF TWELVER SHI'ISM
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Ali 656-661
Hassan 661-669
Husayn 669-680
Ali Zayn al-Abidin 680-712/3
Muhammad al-Baqir 713-743
Jafar as-Sadiq 743-765
Musa al-Kazim 765-799
Ali ar-Rida 765-818
Muhammad at-Taqi 818-835
Ali l-Hadi 835-868
Hassan al-Askari 868-873
Muhammad al Mahdi 873-?
Beliefs
• The Shia body still believe in the five pillars of Islam; Ramadan
(fasting), pray 5 times a day, give to the poor, pilgrimage to
Mecca, and the belief in one god.
• Shia Islam also believe in other doings: struggling to please
almighty, commanding what is just, forbidding what is evil
Five Beliefs:
• Adaalah (Justice): The Justice of God
• Tawhid (Oneness): The Oneness of God
• Nubuwwah: God has appointed prophets and messengers to
give message
• Imaamah (Leadership): Believe in twelve Imams
• Qiyaamah (The Day of Judgment): After annihilation of the
world, God will raise mankind for judgment
Facts of Worship/Statistics
• Shia Islam is the second largest branch of
Islam
• 10-15% of Muslims are Shia Islam
• About 120 million people are believers of Shia
Islam and are mainly concentrated in countries
such as; Iran ,Iraq, and Azerbaijan
• Worship in mosques, holy temple of Islam
Cultural Landscape and Places
• A person’s lifestyle and
religion affects the
environment around
them. Shia Islam
architecture is different
than one of Hinduism. A
mosque or a typical
building in the
countries of Iran and
Iraq will appear
different in France
because of the cultural
landscape.
Shia Islam Today
The Shia Islam body today are the alleged
war starters, but actually they are another
segment/branch of Islam.
There beliefs and actions are generally the
same as other Islamic groups but differ in
the background of purpose. They are
recognized as a separate religion for there
beliefs are different but still are Muslims.
-The End-