Download PowerPoint - MRS. ANTILLA`S ROOM

The First 4 Caliphs
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Caliph: Leader of Islam after the
death of Muhammad
1ST CALIPH - ABU BAKR :632-634
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MUHAMMAD’S BEST FRIEND AND
FATHER-IN-LAW
WANTED TO KEEP UNITY IN ISLAM
WANTED TO EXPAND ISLAM
DIED OF NATURAL CAUSES
2ND CALIPH – UMAR
634-644
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WANTED TO EXPAND ISLAM BY USE
OF JIHAD
FORMED THE ARMY OF GOD
HAD TO TAX MUSLIMS TO SUPPORT
ARMY
KILLED BY A PERSIAN CHRISTIAN
BECAUSE OF TAXES
3RD CALIPH – UTHMAN
644-656
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WEALTHY MERCHANT
MEMBER OF THE UMAYYAD CLAN
BITTER ENEMIES WITH HASHIM
TRIBE
KILLED BY EGYPTIAN MUSLIMS
BECAUSE OF TAXES
4TH CALIPH – ALI
656-661
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MUHAMMAD’S COUSIN AND SON IN
LAW
MEMBER OF THE HASHIM TRIBE
MEMORIZED THE QURAN
MARRIED TO FATIMA
ASSASINATED BY MUSLIMS
Karbala
A visual representation of the Sunni
Shiite split
Remember Muhammad’s family
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Muhammad & Hadija
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Daughter Fatima married Ali (4th
Caliph)
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Had two sons
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Hussein (also spelt “Husayn”)
Hassan
Ali Assassinated
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Leaving the two sons behind
Shiites believed that the sons of Ali
& Fatima should lead Islam
One son tried to become Caliph
Husayn
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Wanted to be the Caliph
Considered by Shiite as a Caliph
and Imam
Headquarters in Baghdad
Umayyad
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Sunnis
In control of Islam
Headquarters in Damascus, Syria
Battle of Karbala
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Husayn ibn Ali
Killed by Sunnis
680 ad (61 ah)
Muqtada Al-Sadr (Shiite)
Osama Bin Laden (Sunni)
Bibliography
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http://i-cias.com/e.o/muharram.htm
http://www.bbc.co.uk/gloucestershire/untold_s...
http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/...
http://i-cias.com/e.o/karbala_img.htm
http://www.jafariyanews.com/2k5_news/feb/18_k...
http://www.jafariyanews.com/2k5_news/feb/13_t...
http://www.jafariyanews.com/2k5_news/feb/17_h...
http://www.quepasa.com/english/news/war/Iraq.civil.war/428486.html
http://www.quepasa.com/english/news/war/Shrine.attack.Iraq/428091.html