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The Rise of Islam 600 C.E. -1200’s C.E. Islam Bedouin Arab named Mohammed born ca. 570 A.D. raised by relatives -father and mother died by age six -raised by an impoverished uncle Mohammed formal education ?? We don’t know –Normally only the Poets of the Tribes could read and write commercial agent for a wealthy widow – Khadijah – supervising caravans from Mecca, north to Jerusalem – contact with both Jews and Christians Mohammed, con’t monogamous until his wife died eventually married nine wives and had assorted concubines Origins of Mohammed’s Teachings periods of unconsciousness are indicated: explanations – revelations from Allah by holy trances, spoken to by Gabriel The Quran Record of revelations received during visions Tradition of Muhammad’s life: hadith The Hijra flight from Mecca, To Medina -tradition: invited by the Jews of Medina 622 A.D. beginning of the Islamic calendar forms the umma (community) welcomed, then resisted Mohammed becomes an absolute theocrat Muhammad’s Return to Mecca Attack on Mecca, 630 -- jihad Conversion of Mecca to Islam Destruction of pagan sites, replaced with mosques – Ka’aba preserved in honor of importance of Mecca – Approved as pilgrimage site Jihad holy war against Mecca ten year blockade a deal was made for peace The Ka’aba in Mecca The Religion: the Koran (Qu’ran) the Koran (Qu’ran): contains much of Mohammed’s recounting of Allah’s teachings -114 chapters (“SURAH”) – arranged from longest to the shortest – not by subject or chronologically – length is the criterion of order for the text The Koran, con’t some “Old” and “New” Testaments stories – but sometimes the story seems a bit different to Jews and Christians Five Pillars of Islam uniqueness of God –‘There is no god, but God….’ prayer five times a day observe the month of Ramadan give alms to the poor pilgrimage to Mecca –If possible, once in your life Spread of Islam arabesque patterns/columns Dome of the Rock, Temple Mount Jerusalem IslamAn Abrahamic Religion Muslims are strict monotheists. They believe in the JudeoChristian God, which they call Allah. Muslims believe that the Torah and the Bible, like the Qur’an, is the word of God. Peoples of the Book Abraham’s Genealogy HAGAR ABRAHAM Ishmael 12 Arabian Tribes SARAH Isaac Jacob 12 Tribes of Israel Esau The Prophetic Tradition Adam Noah Abraham Moses Jesus Muhammad Architecture The call to prayer by the muezzin in the minaret. Pray in the mosque on Friday. The Great Mosque of Mecca The pilgrimage to Mecca. Must be done at least once in a Muslim’s lifetime. 2-3 million Muslims make the pilgrimage every year. The Hajj Those who complete the pilgrimage can add the title hajji to their name. The Mosque The Muslim place of worship. The Dome of the Rock Mosque in Jerusalem Mount Moriah Rock where Muhammad ascended into heaven. Faith Question Do you agree or disagree with the views expressed in the following movie? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0_jB 7dp0S0&feature=related