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Unit II Test Review • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Q: Sufis A: Islamic mystics; spread Islam to many Afro-Asian regions Q: Golden Horde A: One of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol empire after the death Chinggis (aka Genghis) Khan Q: Bedouin A: Nomadic pastoralists of the Arabian peninsula Q: Tatu A: Mongol capital of Yuan dynasty; present-day Beijing Q: Mamluks A: Muslim slave warriors Q: Shamanistic Religion A: Mongol beliefs focused on nature spirits Q: Kiev A: Commercial city in Ukraine established by Scandinavians in 9th century, early capital of Russia • Q: Mecca • A: home of Muhammad and the future center of Islam. • Q: Boyars • A: Russian landholding aristocrats • Q: Iconoclasm • A: The breaking of images • Q: Islamic empire that made were successful due to the use of gunpowder • A: Ottoman Empire • Q: Chief characteristic of the Islamic empire from 1000-1400 • A: Political unity • Q: Empire that created the Justinian Code, Hagia Sophia and Hippodrome • A: Byzantine Empire • Q: Janissaries • A: Ottoman soldiers • Q: Period after the death of Mohammad was ruled by a • A: Caliph of disciple of Mohammad • Q: Significance of Marco Polo • A: Lead to trade between Europe and Asia • Q: Generals cooperated w/ governors in administration of local law • A: Theme system • Q: Domestic problem in the Byzantine Empire • A: Decline of free peasants/had to rely on wealthy • Q: Spread of Chinese culture known as • A: Sinicization • Q: God would invest in the power of the king was the reason for • A: Russia’s conversion to the Eastern Orthodox Church • Q: Russia would borrow monarchy, art, architecture, and religion from • A: Byzantine Empire • Q: Major difference between Roman and Byzantine Empire • A: Rome didn’t use a bureaucratic government • Q: Justinian code provided • A: Standardized system of laws • Q: Functional region of geography connected through • A: Movement • Q: Exchange of ideas, philosophy, and religion • A: Cultural diffusion • Q: Islamic empires gained economic prosperity by or through • A: Trade • Q: One of the largest cathedrals in the world (rebuilt by Justinian) • A: Hagia Sophia • Q: Epicureans believed in pursuit of • A: Pleasure • Q: Inherit property, divorce, considered equal in the eyes of Allah, engage in business were the rights of • A: Islamic women • Q: Russia would interact with what empire • A: Byzantine • Q: Ottoman Empire would defeat this empire in 1453 • A: Byzantine • Q: City that was the center of trade between Europe and Asia • A: Constantinople • Q: Code that would serve as a model for European legal systems • A: Justinian Code • • • • • • • • • • • • Q: Holy war A: Jihad Q: Greek and Roman culture was preserved by A: The Byzantine Empire Q: Ruled by Suleiman A: Ottoman Empire Q: 1054 Christian church was split (main reason) A: Jurisdiction/who could rule where Q: Alphabet that would develop in Russia A: Cyrillic Q: Sunni and Shi’a A. Two different sects of Islam • • • • • • • • • • Q: Nomads, from Asian plains/steppes, horseman A: Mongols Q: Educated Byzantines A: Studied Greek humanities, classics, heir to the Greeks, spoke Greek Q: Area with the largest group of cities that served as centers for advanced culture A: Arab Islamic world Q: Prophet of Allah A: Mohammad Q: Byzantine economic policy A: Wealthy couldn’t monopolize land, one currency, banks, trade (i.e. silk) • Q: Hirja • A: Mohammad fleeing to Medina • Q: Religious justification for conquest, which lead to a jihad was the reason for • A: Islamic expansion/growth • Q: First king of Russia • A: Rurik • Q: Importance of Baghdad • A: Trading center in Islamic expansion • Q: Tried to conquer Japan, gained complete control of China, opened up China • A: Mongols • • • • • • • • • • Q: Reason for Ottoman and Safavid difference A: Religion Q: Marco Polo would travel what trade route A: Silk road Q: Persian and Arabic were A: Predominant languages during Islamic expansion Q: Result of the Mongol invasions A: Russia become important, spread of the plague, B.E. would fall, rise of the Ottoman Empire Q: Who lead the American League in HR’s in 1951 A: Gus Zernial