Download The Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire
and
Western Europe to 1000
I. End of the Western Roman Empire
A. Germanic invasions
B. Council of Nicaea (A.D. 325)
1. Arian Christians: Visigoths, Ostrogoths, and Vandals
C. Western culture
II. The Byzantine Empire
A. Reign of Justinian (r. 527-565)
1. Theodora
2. Nika revolt
a. Hagia Sophia
3. Cities
a. Decurions
4. Law
a. Corpus Juris Civilis: Code
B. The Empire after Justinian
1. Avars, Slavs, and Bulgars
2. Persians and Muslims
a. Arab, Seljuq, and Ottoman Turks
3. The Importance of Constantinople
4. The Height of Byzantine Imperial Power: Tenth Century
5. Religious Diversity of Christendom
a. Eastern and Western Christianity
b. Monophysite heresy
c. Trinity: filoque
d. Leo III: iconoclasm
e. Caesaropapism
III. The Impact of Islam: East & West
A. Threat of Muslim Conquest
1. Battle of Tours
B. Byzantine’s Contribution to Islamic Civilization
C. The Western Debt to Islam
IV. The Developing Roman Church
A. Apostolic Succession
B. Constantine the Great : Edict of Milan
C. Monastic Culture
1. Anthony of Egypt: hermit monasticism
2. Basil the Great: communal monasticism
3. Benedict of Nursia: Benedictine order
a. Rule of Monasteries
E. The Doctrine of Papal Primacy
1. Petrine Succession
F. Division of Christendom
1. East v. West
2. Reasons
a. Iconoclastic controversy
V. The Kingdom of the Franks
A. Merovingian and Carolingian dynasties
1. Clovis (ca. 466-511)
2. Charles Martel: “mayor of the palace”
a. Origins of feudalism: fiefs
3. Frankish Church
a. Pepin the Short
b. Donation of Constantine
B. Reign of Charlemagne (768-814)
1. The New Empire
a. Pope Leo III: Holy Roman Empire
2. The New Emperor
3. Problems of Government
a. “Divine” tests or ordeals
b. Missi dominici
4. Alcuin and Carolingian Renaissance
a. “Palace schools”
b. Carolingian minuscule
5. The Manor and Serfdom
a. Demense and serf
b. Agricultural innovations
6. Religion and the Clergy
C. Breakup of Carolingian Kingdom
1. Louis the Pious
2. Treaty of Verdun and its aftermath
3. Foreign invasions: Vikings, Magyars, and Muslim (Saracen)
VI. Feudal Society
A. Characteristics: lords & vassals
B. Origins
C. Vassalage and the Fief
D. Fragmentation and Divided Loyalty