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Transcript
Sunni Shi’ite Split Marshall Berkeley Robbie Martin Paul Schmidt 632 AD – Prophet Muhammad died Abu Bakr named 1st successor (Caliph) – Most Muslims accepted decision, but some supported Ali ibn Abi Talib, Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law – Followers of Ali believed that the Prophet Muhammad named Ali as his successor – Abu Bakr and his next two successors, Umar and Uthman, were considered illegitimate by Ali’s followers – 656 AD – Uthman was murdered by some of Ali’s followers – Ali was named as the successor – 661 AD – Ali was assassinated by forces of Uthman The 2 Sides Disagreement over who should be the successor to the Prophet Muhammad – Some believed in succession based political merits communal consensus “Sunni” – meaning “followers of customs” – Others believed in succession through “bloodline” of the Prophet “Shi’a” – meaning “supporters” or “helpers of Ali” Distribution of Muslims Green – Sunni Blue – Shi’ite Sunni Islam Religious Practices and Beliefs Majority of Muslims are Sunnis Accepted first four Caliphs as “Rightly Guided” Less powerful religious hierarchy Lenient on who leads prayer Perform Salat 5 times daily Interesting Fact Osama Bin Laden was a Sunni – Extreme Sect Sunni Law Based on – Qu’ran – Hadiths – Sunna The four legal schools – – – – Hanafi Maliki Shaf’I Hanbali Sectarian Divisions Ibadi Sect – Has been misrepresented as a Sunni Sect Shi’ite Islam Religious Practices and Beliefs Centers around Ali’s younger son – Hussein Shi’ites permit Muttah Salat – can pray twice consecutively (1+2+2) Three Schools of Law: – Twelver Shiism – Ismaili (Sevener) Shiism – Zaydis (Fiver) Shiism Core Fundamentals between Sunnis and Shi’ites Share common doctrines and beliefs – Qu’ran – Muhammed is the messenger – Hadiths somewhat differ – Qiyas (Analogy) – Ijma (Consensus) – Ijtihad (Individual Reasoning) Both recognize the Five Pillars Recognize each other as Muslims Interesting/Crazy Stuff Shi’ite Muslims – Ashoura Day – Ritual in which they cut their scalps to remember the death of Imam Hussein – Shows the Shi’ite suffering from Sunnis - During the Islamic holy month of Moharram - Some of the demonstrators flagellate themselves