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Transcript
The Buddha Siddhartha Gautama Born c. 563 BCE (or 490 BCE) in Lumbini, today in Nepal Diedc. 483 BCE (or 410 BCE) (aged 80) in Kushinagar, today in India Birth Sheltered life The Four Passing Sights Leaving Home The Quest 1) Raja Yoga 2) Asceticism There is a Middle Way The Temptation First Sermon The Four Noble Truths 1) Life is suffering (dukkha) 2) The cause of suffering is desire (tanha) 3) The cure for suffering is in overcoming desire 4) The way to overcoming suffering is the eightfold path The eight-fold path Meditation Basic Buddhist Concepts THE THREE MARKS OF EXISTENCE Dukka - Suffering Anicca - The doctrine of impermanence. Anatta - The doctrine that there is in humans no permanent, underlying substance that can be called the soul. THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF BUDDHISM Nirvana- The extinction of desire, hatred, and ignorance and, ultimately, of suffering and rebirth. Literally, it means “blowing out” or “becoming extinguished,” as when a flame is blown out or a fire burns out. Common View Buddhist View What does “No-Self” mean? Subject/Perceiver Perceptions -- Thoughts -- Feelings Perceptions -- Thoughts -- Feelings Subject/self/ perceiver • Common view Perceptions --- thoughts ---- feelings • Buddhist View Perceptions --- thoughts --- feelings Theravada (Hinayana) vs. Mahayana Theravada Mahayana Human beings are emancipated by selfeffort, without supernatural aid. Human aspirations are supported by divine powers and the grace they bestow Key virtue: Wisdom Key virtue: Compassion Attainment requires constant commitment, and is primarily for monks and nuns Religious practice is relevant to life in the world, and therefore to laypeople. Ideal: The Arhat who remains in nirvana after death Ideal: the boddhisattva Buddha is a savior Buddha a saint, supreme teacher, and inspirer Elaborates metaphysics Minimizes ritual Emphasizes ritual Practice centers on meditation. Includes petitionary prayer The Three Bodies of the Buddha Emptiness Nagarjuna Types of Mahayana Buddhism Pure Land Zen Hotei (Laughing) Buddha Vajarayana: Tibetan Buddhism
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