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Transcript
Canada’s Physical Geography How old is the Earth? ► 4.5 Billion years old ► Canada completely covered in ice 18,000 years ago What is Geography ? ► the physical characteristics of an area EVERYONE FREEZE!! Continental Drift ► Movement plates ► Alfred of the continents on the Earth’s Wegener – German Scientist Plate Tectonics ► Plate movement by convection currents Pangea Let’s see how it all works... ► http://dsc.discovery.com/videos/understand ing-volcanoes-plate-tectonics.html Review of Earth’s crust movement Layers of the Earth Layers of the Earth ► Inner Core - solid and very hot, great pressure ► Outer Core – liquid and hot ► Mantle – melted rock called magma – hot, dense, slow moving ► Crust – solid rock of the surface Plates of the World Subduction Zone Landforms ► Natural ► Built features of the lands surface from: material from beneath Earth’s crust movement of the Earth’s crust Building Landforms ► Examples, text page 24 Landforms shaped by four forces ► Mountain building ► Weathering ► Erosion ► Deposition Fjord ► Narrow inlet of the sea between cliffs or steep slopes. Sognefjord in Norway Horn ► Mountaintop that has been modified by the action of ice during glaciation and frost weathering The Matterhorn in the European Alps Talus ► Broken rock that appears at the bottom of mountain cliffs or valley shoulders Talus Slope, Colorado, USA. Oxbow Lake ► Formed when a wide meander from a stream or a river is cut off to form a lake Have distinctive curved shape ► Oxbow Lake in Montana ► Hoodoo ► ► Tall thin spires of rock that protrude from the bottom of arid basins and badlands Composed of soft sedimentary rock, topped by a piece of harder rock Drumheller, Alberta Slope ► Forms created or modified on a slope where there is considerable relief Rattlesnake Point in Milton, Ontario Pingo ► Mound of earth-covered ice found in the Arctic, subarctic, and Antarctica Alaska/Yukon border Drumlin ► (Irish droimnín, a little hill ridge) - an elongated whaleshaped hill formed by glacial action Georges Island Halifax, NS Stack ► A steep, vertical column or columns of rock in the sea near a coast Flowerpot Island Lake Huron Waterfall ► Results from water flowing over an erosion-resistant rock formation that forms a sudden break in elevation American Falls, Bridal Veil Falls, Niagara Falls, USA Sand Spit ► ► ► A deposition landform found off coasts A type of bar or beach at a cove, bay, or river mouth Formed by the movement of sediment Southport Spit, Australia Erratic ► A boulder that has been transported some distance from its source by a glacier Point Lake, NWT