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Question 1 - 10
• 1. Convergent – plates are moving towards
one another or colliding (compression) –
creates mountains
•
2. Divergent – plates are moving apart
(tension) – creates rift zones
•
3. Transform – plates are sliding
horizontally past one another (shearing) –
causes earthquakes
Answer 1 – 10
What are the types of plate
boundaries and the types of
events or features that can
occur at the boundary?
Question 1 - 20
A long under-sea mountain
chain that forms along the floor
of the major oceans. This is
usually where new ocean floor
is made due to it being a
divergent boundary.
Answer 1 – 20
What is the mid-ocean
ridge and at what type
of boundary does it
occur?
Question 1 - 30
The change in shape of the
land due to pressure being
applied. It is NOT always bad
because it does not always
lead to destructive results
Answer 1 – 30
What is
deformation?
Question 1 - 40
The amount of force per unit area that is placed
on a given area or material.
Three types are :
Tension, shearing, compression
When it is applied to rocks, folding and faulting
takes place. This means the rocks bend or
break.
Answer 1 – 40
What is stress, and
what does it cause?
Question 1 - 50
• 1. During compression, rocks are pushed together
(convergent boundary) and form mountains.
• 2. During shearing, rock pushes in different
horizontal directions (transform boundaries) causing
a rock to thrust or tear apart. This causes
earthquakes.
• 3. Tension is stress that occurs when forces act to
stretch an object (divergent boundaries). This can
cause sea-floor spreading or rift valleys.
Answer 1 – 50
What are the three
different types of stress
that can occur to the
Earth?
Question 2 - 10
Tectonic plate
boundaries.
Answer 2 – 10
Where do earthquakes
occur?
Question 2 - 20
When stress is applied
to a material and
causes the material to
bend.
Answer 2 – 20
What is a fold?
Question 2 - 30
When stress is applied to a
material and causes the material to
break.
They occur with more stress or
faster applied stress while less
stress creates folds.
Answer 2 – 30
What is a fault?
Question 2 - 40
The strength of an earthquake.
It is determined by the seismic
waves that are detected by a
seismograph.
Answer 2 – 40
What is the magnitude
of an earthquake and
how is it determined?
Question 2 - 50
The scale used to
measure earthquake
magnitude (strength).
Answer 2 – 50
What is the Richter
Scale?
Question 3 - 10
Seismic waves – wave of energy that travels through
the earth and away from the earthquake’s focus in all
different directions.
Body Waves (P-waves and S-waves) and Surface waves
P-waves are primary waves or the first waves sent out
during an earthquake. They are the fastest. **They
can travel through solids, liquids, and gases.
S-waves are also called shear waves or secondary
waves. They can travel ONLY through solids.
Surface waves are the seismic waves that do the most
damage.
Answer 3 – 10
What are the three
types of seismic
waves?
Question 3 - 20
The focus is where the
earthquake starts in the earth’s
body while the epicenter is
directly above the focus on the
earth’s crust.
Answer 3 – 20
What is the difference
between the epicenter
and focus of an
earthquake?
Question 3 - 30
1. Crouch down under a table or
something sturdy and cover your head.
2. If outside, lie face down with your head
away from buildings, power lines, and
trees.
3. If in a car, pull over but remain inside.
Answer 3 – 30
What are ways to
protect yourself during
an earthquake?
Question 3 - 40
Seismologists do not know
when or where tectonic plates
are going to move next.
Answer 3 – 40
Why can
earthquakes not be
predicted by geologist?
Question 3 - 50
Mostly along tectonic
plate boundaries. Many
along the Pacific plate on
the ocean floor. Can also
occur at hot spots.
Answer 3 – 50
Where do
volcanoes form?
Question 4 - 10
Magma is hot, molten rock that
is beneath earth’s surface that is
pushed upward due to the
pressure and change in density
of the rock beneath Earth’s
surface.
Answer 4 – 10
Why does magma flow
up through rock?
Question 4 - 20
Geothermal Energy
Answer 4 – 20
What is the source of
alternative energy at
work when ground water
is heated by magma?
Question 4 - 30
A major earthquake and
volcano zone that extends
nearly all the way around
the edge of the Pacific
Ocean.
Answer 4 – 30
What is the Ring of
Fire?
Question 4 - 40
Earthquakes and volcanoes are all
due to heat pressure beneath
Earth’s surface. They are created
when tectonic plates move. They
both form new landforms. Energy
is associated to both occurring.
Answer 4 – 40
What is the
relationship between
earthquakes and
volcanoes?
Question 4 - 50
• Divergent Boundary- Stress: Tension,
Result/Landform: creates rift zones.
• Transform Boundary- Stress: Shearing,
Result/Landform: creates earthquakes.
• Convergent Boundary- Stress:
Compression, Result/Landform: creates
mountains, volcanos.
Answer 4 – 50
How does plate
movement create
stress on rock?
Question 5 - 10
Seismic Waves
Answer 5 – 10
What are the waves of
energy from
earthquakes that travel
through Earth?
Question 5 - 20
Many small
earthquakes will occur
in the area near the
volcano.
Answer 5 – 20
What can happen
when a volcano is
about to erupt?
Question 5 - 30
Seismic waves travel
through Earth’s layers at
different speeds depending
on the ___________ of the
layer.
Answer 5 – 30
What is density?
Question 5 - 40
Amount of damage it causes
OR amount of energy felt by
people.
Answer 5 – 40
What is how the
intensity of an
earthquake
determined?
Question 5 - 50
Hot Spots
Answer 5 – 50
What are the volcanoes of
Hawaii and other places far
from tectonic plate
boundaries?