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Thursday 1-31 ps
Homework
Continental drift
Due today
• Question Set #2
Friday in class
Rube Time
Time to draw and make lists
Time to make connections between your
design and concepts in physics
Time to gather data and calculate values
For CP
Take out a piece of paper
Name, Date, and Class period
You will answer the following questions to the best
of your ability
You may use any notes
Answers will be reviewed in class, then collected
Question #1
• What is the difference between the
Moho discontinuity and the
Aurora Borealis(Northern lights) ?
Question #2
• Which section contains the greatest
portion of the Earth:
core
mantle
crust
Question #3
• Compare and contrast the
Outer Core to the Inner Core
using a Venn diagram.
Question #4
• What does density of an object
mean to you?
• What information about the
object do you need to know to
determine it’s density?
Question 5
• What happens to the density of the
material that makes up the Earth as you
move from the surface to its center?
Question 6
• What happens to the temperature and
pressure of the rock as you ascend from
the center of the Earth to its surface?
Question 7
• Compare and Contrast the Lithosphere
and Asthenosphere using a Venn
diagram
Question 8
• Compare and contrast Oceanic crust to
Continental Crust using a Venn diagram
Question 9
• What does the word evolution mean to
you?
• How can the concept of evolution be
applied to both you and the ground you
walk on?
Question #10
•
Which will significantly effect the movement
of the Earth?
A) Billions of people running to the right at the
same time
B) Simultaneous explosion of 500 large nuclear
bombs around the world
C) A major eruption of a large volcano along the
strength of the Mt. St. Helens eruption
Homework assignment
• Use the internet and book to find descriptions of the
following concepts:
Pangaea
Panthalassa
Continental drift
Mesosaurus
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Magma
Sea-floor spreading
Paleomagnetism
Divergent boundary
Convergent Boundary
Rift Valley
Subduction Zone
Ocean Trench
Transform Boundary
Alfred Wegener
Alfred Wegener
• German 1880-1930
• Professor in Meterology
• Died in Greenland, from exposure
• Fought in world war 1 for Germany, wounded
several times
• His book caused so much stir in USA, was never
reprinted (in part that he was not a geologist)
His big idea
• Continental drift
defined as continents move over time
Wegener was not the first to conceive of the
idea but he was the first to present it with
scientific evidence
Why he came up with the idea of
continental drift
Reasons he believed that the continents
were once together:
Physical shape of continents
Fossil evidence
Rock evidence of different past
climates @various locations
Age of oceans, shallow – vs – deep
Paleomagnetism of ocean rocks
Fossil evidence
• Fossil evidence from the same species of
different types of animals are found in
several distant places around the world
• Mesosaurus, a small extinct reptile found
in both South America and Southern Africa
Why it this evidence for Drift?
• Little reptiles could not swim the Atlantic
ocean
• Isolated colonies will adapt and change to
their new environment
Rock Evidence
• Certain rock layers show evidence of:
Glaciers that existed in regions south
America and Africa that currently
experience no snow
Tropical and temperate forests in Antarctica
Finding fossils in Antarctica
Evidence for motion of the Ocean
floor
• Age of ocean rock vs continental rock
Max age of ocean crust 175 million, max
age of continental crust around 4 billion
• The existence of ridges in the middle of
the oceans
Paleomagnetism
• Hot rock does not have a set magnetic
direction
• As it cools, the magnetic orientation of is
fixed
• New ocean floor comes up at the ridges
Flipping of the earth’s magnetic
orientation
• Evidence that it flips every 200,000 to
several million years
• Discovered bands of rock with different
orientation
• Matched bands on both sides of the ridge
What is the best explanation?
• New ocean floor is being produced and
this material is pushing the sides of the
ridge apart
• This in turn moves the continents apart