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Continental Drift • Alfred Wegener developed the idea of continental drift • Continental drift is the theory that continents can drift apart from one another and have done so in the past Sea-Floor Spreading • New oceanic lithosphere is created as older materials are pushed away • mid ocean ridge in the Atlantic ocean Magnetic Reversals • Earth’s magnetic poles change • Rock records the direction of Earth’s magnetic field Plate Motion • Ridge Push – oceanic plate slides downward • Convection – hot material rises and cooler material sinks Plate Motion (cont.) • Slab Pull – the sinking oceanic plate sinks and pull the rest of the plate with it Convergent Boundary • Occurs when two tectonic plates push into each other • Continental-Continental: Mountains • Continental-Oceanic and Oceanic-Oceanic: Subduction Divergent Boundary • When two tectonic plates move away from each other • mid-atlantic ridge Transform Boundary • When two tectonic plates slide past one another • San Andreas Fault