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4-1 pgs. 80-86 IN: Can you diagram the rock cycle? The Earth’s crust is made mostly of rock. Rock is simply a solid mixture of crystals of one or more minerals. Rock has been an important natural resource as long as humans have existed. ◦ Early tools ◦ Buildings ◦ Roads ◦ Monuments ◦ Concrete The study of rocks helps answer questions about the history of Earth and our solar system. The fossils some rocks contain also provide clues about lifeforms that lived billions of years ago, long before dinosaurs walked the Earth. The rocks in the Earth’s crust are constantly changing. The rock cycle is the process by which one rock type changes into another rock. sedimentary compaction, rock cementation metamorphic rock sediment igneous rock magma Sedimentary ◦Weathering and erosion Metamorphic ◦Heat and pressure Igneous ◦Melting and Cooling Composition of a rock. is the makeup ◦The minerals and elements present in the rock. The texture of a rock is determined by the sizes, shapes, and positions of the grains of which it is made. ◦ Fine-grained ◦ Medium-grained ◦ Coarse-grained OUT: List two ways rock is important to humans today.