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Tuesday, May 23, 2017
Earth’s Climate
Do Now:
Why is the tropical zone so hot?
What is the difference between weather
and climate?
Key Terms:
Con. Objective: SWBAT
SWBAT understand how
internal & external
physical processes shape
Lang Obj: SWBAT read and
write guided notes on Forces
of Change and Weathering
Earthquake- a sudden and
violent shaking of the ground,
sometimes causing great
destruction, as a result of
movements within the earth's
crust or volcanic action.
Tsunami – A giant wave in
the ocean usually caused by
a shift in tectonic plates
Continental drift theory
movement of the continents over time
Different Plate Movements and
Continental Drift Theory
Plate tectonics- movement
of the Earth’s crust
Plate Movement
5 Types of tectonic movement
1) Spreading: moving apart
2) Subduction: diving under another plate
3) Collision: crashing into one another
4) Sliding: sliding past each other,
side to side
5) Folding: a bend in a layer of rock
Fault – a break in the earth’s crust
Subduction zone – where one of the
Earth’s plates slides under another
Extreme Effects of Plate
Movements
Most plate movements are very small and
go unseen or felt by most humans, however
some interactions between plates are so
extreme that they completely change the
way the earth’s surface looks.
Earthquakes are created along where
plates meet and rub against each other. This
movement cause the Earth to tremble and
sometimes break away into the mantle!
Earthquakes
Earthquake – Violent movement of the
earth along faults
Seismograph – measures the intensity
of earthquakes
Focus – the point in the earth where an
earthquake begins
Epicenter – the point on the surface above
the focus of an earthquake
Richter scale – used to determine the relative
strength of an earthquake
Tsunami – A giant wave in the ocean
Volcanoes
-A zone around the rim of the
Pacific Ocean where the majority of active
volcanoes are located
Volcanoes are mountains formed by magma
(lava) that pushes threw the crust.
Earth’s Structure
The earth’s
surface is
composed of three
layers:
Core
Mantle
Crust
Earth’s Structure (Core &
Mantle)
The core is made up of nickel &iron,
while the mantle is made up of silicon,
aluminum, & other elements. Though both
are super hot, gravity at the center of the
Earth keeps the core solid, while the mantle
is further away which makes it soft & free
flowing.
The mantle then rises to the top where
it cools and becomes the crust.
Crust & Plates
The cooled mantle (which is known as
the crust) becomes like a hard rocky shell
around the Earth. It is broken into giant
pieces called plates that float on top of the
mantle. Oceans are on top of the plates.
Weathering: Breaking down of rocks
at or near the earth’s surface.
Erosion: The wearing away of land or soil
by the action of wind, water, or ice.
Deposition: Process by which sediments
are deposited in a new location, usually by
wind or water.
Physical Weathering
Wind Erosion
Glacial Erosion