Download 3.5 billion years dominant form of life on Earth live in every

-3.5 billion years
- dominant form of life on Earth
- live in every hospitable environment
- > 100 trillion on and in human body
- total mass exceeds all animal life
-10 000 species known
- roughly 1% of believed total # of species
= BACTERIA
Sketch figure 6 from page 48
On your sketch label:
• cell wall
• plasmid
• ribosomes
• flagella
• pilli
• capsule
Make sure to write down a function for
each one of these structures
- There are 3 main shapes to bacteria
Coccus
- video
Bacillus
Spirillum
-Many different and diverse evolutionary branches of the Domain Eubacteria
-6 main groups of human importance
-Vary dramatically in energy and nutrient gathering
Using table 1 on page 48 of the text, complete the chart for each bacteria. Include only the 2 most
important key features of each bacteria
Bacteria
Key features
Bacteria reproduce asexually and very quickly! -video
- 1000 times faster than a eukaryotic cell
Binary fission
- 3 step process
Step 1: Duplication of the chromosome
Step 2: Cell elongates
Step 3: Cell divides into two
Daughter cells are identical to mother cell
Mutations
• ease of evolution
• genetic diversity
Conjugation –exchange of genetic information; sexual reproduction
Transformation –taking in of foreign DNA by the bacteria for use
• horizontal gene transfer
• positive/negative
Endospore
How an organism produces energy
So where does a bacterium get its energy to move and reproduce?
Autotrophic
-make own energy from
inorganic compounds
Animals and plants
Bacteria
Heterotrophic
-need to ingest energy
from organic compounds
Obligate aerobes –need oxygen to
survive
Obligate aerobes
Facultative aerobes – live with or without
oxygen
fermentation
Spread through Europe 14th C
Killed 30 – 60% of the population
- approx 100 million people
Swollen lymph nodes, fever, vomit blood
-death in days
The Bubonic Plague
“The Black Death”
Yersinia pestis
Found in the large intestine of warm-blooded animals
Very important to scientific research –recomb DNA host
Escherichia coli
Some different strains
• Good  production of vit K and destroy harmful
bacteria
• Bad  cause food poisoning
•Ugly  bloody diarrhea, gastrointestinal infections, death
Walkerton
May 2000
Farm runoff into nearby well
Walkerton Public Utilities Commission
Stan and Frank Koebel
• PATHOGEN: Infectious bacteria
Cholera
Leprosy
Tuberculosis
Salmonella
• ANTIBIOTIC: substance that can kill or weaken micro-organisms;
produced by bacteria
fighting for nutrients
overuse leads to resistance
• MUTUALISM: relationship whereby each benefits
• Nitrogen fixation
• Vit K and B12 production
-Very little known about this group
- make up is unlike bacteria or eukaryotes
- Play key role in ecosystems
 low-oxygen; intestines; produce
methan gas
 salt-loving
 extreme heat; hot springs, ocean vents
 cold-loving; Arctic and Antarctic