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Variation in Populations Tennessee SPI Objective: Analyze data on levels of variation within a population to make predictions about survival under particular environmental conditions. Variation refers to a variety or diversity of traits (different kinds) within any given population. Three causes of variation 1) Diversity of genetic traits from sexual reproduction 2) Diversity of genetic traits that result from mutations 3) Changing environmental conditions Variation in populations variations occur in human populations & in populations of plants, animals, birds, insects, fish, bacteria etc. Variation in Populations Thesome Galapagos arealocated in the Pacific Ocean pointhas inIslands past, small population ofand Finches At Each island athe slightly different ecosystem, these about 600 miles west of Ecuador (see picture below). (birds) blown from SouthThis American these islands. fincheswere adapted accordingly. lead totosignificant variation in the shapes and sizes of their beaks. South American Finch Variation in Populations Over time the finches developed different beak shapes and sizes in order to eat the local food (structural adaptations). Food Source Only Bugs narrow-pointed beak for eating insects Food Source Nuts & Bugs Food Source Only Nuts Moderately wide beak Very wide beak for with a sharp point for only eating nuts cracking nuts and eating insects Review Questions Note: Termination refers to the percentage of bugs that were killed Review Questions Review Questions