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The Protists You will be able to explain how protists are similar and different than other the pathogens. Review: Prokaryote (Bacteria Cell) Can Not See Nucleus Much smaller than Eukaryote cells No visible organelles Contains DNA and RNA Eukaryote Cells: Protists and Fungi Much larger Can See Nucleus (Brain of Cell) and organelles Complex cell can do more than Prokayotes Has Specialized Functions in multi-cellular organisms Contains DNA and RNA DNA mainly in nucleus Protist Characteristics Much larger than bacteria and viruses Most Heterotrophs- need food source Made up of eukaryote cells— You can see nucleus and organelles (unlike prokaryote bacteria) Most unicellular but some are multi-cellular Only found in moist environments (water) Reproduce using Fission (cloning/asexual) and Fussion (conjucation/sexual) Nucleus Amoeba Psuedopodia Nucleus Protist Pathogens: Ameoba Eukaryote- can See organelles and Nucleus Move with Pseudopodia Found in bottom in the sediment of most water systems Engulfs food by surrounding it Causes diseases such as malaria, and dysentery and rare form eats brain of humans! Pseudopodia Nucleus Protist Pathogens: Trypanosomes Eukaryote- can See Nucleus and organelles Insect borne (Vectors) pathogens Feed off of Human Blood Cells or Nervous Cells Most Fatal Red Tide Protist Close up Eukaryote- can see Nucleus and organelles Trypansomes have long tail called flagellum Ameobas do Not have Flagellum Protist or Protozoans: 4 Basic Traits Most Animal like Lack cell walls and most heterotrophic Move with cilia, pseudopodia (little feet) or flagellum Found mainly in water Cause Diseases such as Malaria and Dysentery Malaria video Closing of Microlife How do we protect ourselves from these pathogens? Virus Bacteria Protists Mold/Fungi What type of medicines work against them? Vaccines Antibiotics Chlorine in water Antifungal medicines What makes pathogens dangerous? Fact One: How easily it spreads from organism to organism (person to person) Fact Two: How rapidly can the Pathogen reproduce itself Preventing Spread of Disease Active Immunity- your body is producing antibodies to fight it off. (Vaccine or prior exposure) Passive Immunity- you are injected with antibodies from another organism to fight it off; allows time for your body to find and make antibodies before you become ill Biotechnology Biotechnology- use of living organisms to produce products for human use. Products can be such as genetically altered food such as milk, corn, and tomatoes Piggybacked viruses, using a harmless virus to produce capsid of a more harmful one. Idea is that harmless virus will makes “protein coat” of harmful one so that your body could make antibodies for the “bad one”