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RNA Ribonucleic Acid RNA uses the information encoded in the genes on DNA to make proteins (which are made of amino acids) Structure of RNA RNA is similar to DNA, but there are 3 major differences. RNA is single stranded, DNA is double Ribose is the sugar instead of Deoxyribose Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine and Uracil (instead of Thymine) Types of RNA Three main types Messenger RNA (mRNA) – transfers DNA code to ribosomes for translation. Transfer RNA (tRNA) – brings amino acids to ribosomes for protein synthesis. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – Ribosomes are made of rRNA and protein. Don’t really know what this does. Transcription Transcription is the process of forming RNA from DNA 1. 2. 3. 4. STEPS: Enzyme binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands. The same enzyme then moves along the strand of DNA and assembles the strand of RNA. When the enzyme reaches the termination signal, it releases and the RNA is finished. RNA moves from nucleus to cytoplasm Practice DNA: TAC-GAG-CAA-GTC-ACT RNA: AUG-CUC-GUU-CAG-UGA DNA: TGC-TAC-AGG-TCC-ATT RNA: ACG-AUG-UCC-AGG-UAA DNA: TGA-CCG-TAC-GTC-ATC RNA: ACU-GGC-AUG-CAG-UAG