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Plant Anatomy Vegetative and Reproductive Structures What are vegetative structures (parts) and the Vegetative Stage of a Plant? • Vegetative plant parts of the plant that help it to through its daily processes. • The vegetative stage is when the plant is growing and not ready or getting ready for reproduction. What are reproductive structures (parts) and the reproductive stage of plants? • The reproductive parts of a plant are the plant structure used for sexual reproduction (making more plants). Main Parts of a Leaf Tip/Apex Midrib Blade Margin Leaf Veins Base Petiole Courtesy of Corinne Banowski Leaf Forms Leaf Veination Dichotomous Veination Types of Leaves Scale like leaves Needle like leaves Petiole Internal Parts of A Leaf Blade Cuticle Upper Epidermis Palisade Mesophyll Vein Spongy Mesophyll Lower Epidermis Air Spaces Stomata Guard Cell Stoma, singular Courtesy of Wm. C. Brown Publishers Leaf Attachments Leaf Function • Photosynthesis – Make food (sugar “glucose”) • Store water • Reproduce • Protect Modified Leaves • Bulbs • Bracts • Spines External Stem Anatomy Internal stem anatomy Monocots=grasses, palm trees, corn, ect… Dicots=trees, shrubs, “leafy” ect… Function of Stems • • • • • Transport (food down, water up) Support (hold up leaves) Store (food and water) Protect (thorns) Reproduction (stolons) Modified Stems • Thorns • Stolons • Tuber Root Anatomy • Primary root: The first root to emerge from a seed • Secondary root: Roots that branch off of that root Function •Absorb water •Anchor plant •Store food and water Flowers • Used for sexual reproduction • They make seeds • Some are male, Some are female and some are both. Parts of a Flower Stamen Anther Stigma Filament Style Ovary Ovule Petals Sepals Stem of the flower Pedicel Courtesy of McGraw Hill Publishers Receptacle Swollen base where are parts attach Pistil Pollination • Pollen (male) lands on female flower and fertilizes egg/ovule (female) and then makes seeds • Pollinators Wind, insects (bees, ants, flies, ect…), bats, birds, butterfly) ect… • Cross pollination: between separate plants • Self pollination: pollinates itself Types of flowers • Perfect: have stamen and pistol (both sexes, hermaphrodite) • Imperfect: missing a male or female part • Complete: has everything • Incomplete is missing something, anything.