Download Sexual plant propagation

Sexual plant
propagation
Propagation of plants from
seeds
 Composition
of seeds
 Seed coat- outside covering
which protects embryonic
plant
 endosperm- stored plants
food, and nourishes
embryonic plant during
germination
Propagation of plants from
seeds
 embryo
(embryonic plant)- a
new plant that is developed as
a result of fertilization, and
during germination it extends
its roots and seed leaves
(cotyledons) to form a new
plant.
Propagation of plants from
seeds
 Germination
 favorable
media
pH
 supply of plant nutrients
 firm and porous
 sterile and free from
foreign materials
Indirect seeding
 Seeds
sown in a separate
place from where they will
eventually grow to maturity
 Transplanted one or more
times before reaching
permanent growing area
Flats
 made
of: wood, plastic, and
metal
 have drainage holes in bottom
 seeds generally sown in rows.
 * we will use flats with individual
pots
When to seed
 important
in business to
have saleable product
ready at market time
Sowing seeds
 follow
package directions to
determine planting distance
 cover with sprinkling of
moist sphagnum or peat
moss
 label:name, variety, and
date sown
Watering
 water
from bottom
 if watering from top be
careful to avoid washing
seed out or too deeply into
soil
Germination
 65-70
degrees soil
temperature
 retain humidity
 cover with glass or plastic
Germination
 some
seeds require three
days of darkness prior to
germination
 cover with newspaper
instead of glass
Germination
 water
with a fine mist or
from the bottom
Transplanting seedlings
 following
germination
plants develop seed leaves
- cotyledons
 allow plant to grow until
first true leaves are present
before transplanting
Transplanting seedlings
 hold
seedlings by true
leaves not by the stem with
thumb and forefinger
 bruised stem could cause
plant death
Transplanting seedlings
 don’t
shake off media from
roots
 can cause them to dry out
too much
Transplanting seedlings
 plant
about 2 inches apart
 insert at depth a little
deeper than they were
grown before
 gently press media around
roots
 water with gentle stream to
settle soil around roots
Direct seeding
 planting
seeds directly into the
permanent growing area
 most economical
 media-soil
 prepare by loosening soil and
removing all large clumps
Direct seeding
 add
manure, grass
clippings, or compost to
improve soil structure
 chemical treatment
 disease prevention
 insect prevention
Direct seeding
 Germination
Requirement
 same as indirect seeding.
Treatments of seed for
Germination
 Some
seed won’t readily
germinate
 soak in water or acid bath
to soften seed coat
 scratch with sand paper
 allows water into seed
Treatments of seed for
Germination
 dormant
stage
 moist and cold below 37 F
 bury in moist sand and
keep cool
 refrigerate
Treatments of seed for
Germination
 Alternate
wetting and
drying
 Presence of light
 Darkness
 Follow package instructions
 Fire or extreme heat- Jack
Pine