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Interactions Among Plant Systems Biology 10(B) Interactions Among Plant Systems Learning objectives • Identify major systems in plants • Describe the interactions that occur among systems to carry out vital plant functions Plant Systems • Tissue systems: – Dermal – barrier (between inside the plant and outside) – Ground – metabolic functions (such as photosynthesis) – Vascular – transport Root system – Shoot system – above- ground – Root system – below-ground Shoot system • Organ systems: Tissues Dermal Ground Vascular Interactions Among Plant Systems Organ and tissue systems interact to carry out vital functions*ALL 3 are necessary for a plant to survive • Transport • Reproduction • Response Transport • Movement of needed materials throughout plant • Major function of vascular tissue – Xylem – transports water and minerals (UP) – Phloem – transports glucose (DOWN from leaves) – Both transport hormones Interactions Among Plant Systems Interactions during transport • Root system – Absorbs water and minerals • Shoot system – Ground tissue produces glucose through photosynthesis • Both organ systems – Produce hormones – Vascular tissue transports all materials throughout the plant Reproduction Vegetative propagation – offspring produced from part of a plant organ, such as a root or stem • Asexual Image by Roberto MM [GFDL] Pollination – offspring produced via pollinated seeds • Sexual Reproduction by Pollination • Flower – organ that produces seeds • Fruit – develops around fertilized ovule(s) • Seed – fertilized ovule (embryo) and stored food (cotyledon) surrounded by a protective seed coat Interactions Among Plant Systems Interactions during reproduction • Vegetative propagation – Shoot and root systems: part of an organ produces a new plant • Pollination – Shoot system: flowers are the site of seed pollination and fruit development – Shoot and root systems: produce hormones, transported by the vascular tissue, that regulate flower budding, fruit ripening and seed growth Response • Tropisms – plant’s hormonal growth response toward or away from an external stimulus • Examples: – Phototropism – stem and leaves grow toward a light source – Positive gravitropism – roots grow toward gravity (downward) – Negative gravitropism – stem and leaves grow away from gravity (upward) Interactions Among Plant Systems Interactions during response • Root system – Grows toward gravity • Shoot system – Grows toward light and/or away from gravity • Both systems – Produce hormones – Transported hormones Interactions Among Plant Systems Learning objectives • Identify major systems in plants • Describe the interactions that occur among systems to carry out vital plant functions