Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download COMMUNITY ECOLOGY
Document related concepts
Transcript
COMMUNITY ECOLOGY cont pp. 405-410 Environmental Science The study of the interactions between humans and their own environment EARTH’S LAYERS Geosphere Earth’s rock interior that extends from the core to the crust EARTH’S LAYERS Hydrosphere Portion of earth that is water EARTH’S LAYERS Atmosphere Above geo/hydrosphere Mixture of gases that surrounds earth 78% N2, 21% O2, 1% other gases (H2O , & CO2) EARTH’S LAYERS Atmosphere Ozone: important because it absorbs most of the sun’s UV light. Greenhouse gases: gases that trap heat (CO2, and methane) EARTH’S LAYERS Biosphere Portion of earth that contains life ~ 9 km above surface and ~11km below surface Disturbance events that change communities, remove or destroy organisms Abiotic Examples: droughts, fires, floods etc. Biotic Examples: elephants tearing up trees, prairie dogs moving soil for burrows etc. Human examples: bulldozing, paving etc. Stability ability to withstand a disturbance and maintain constant conditions Pattern seen: ↑species richness and ↑ evenness leads to ↑ stability ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION Sequential and gradual growth of a community Two types: primary and secondary 1. Primary succession occurs when community is first formed (expanding a community) Microbes, lichens and mosses must create soil before other plants can grow. Pioneer species: first species to dominate early in succession (small and fast growing) Climax Community: marked by the domination of longlived species and great diversity 2. Secondary succession occurs when succession must start over after the destruction of a climax community takes place on sites that have already supported life Day Before Eruption 1980 Eruption Today http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/asset/nat08_vid_travco m/ Create a Double Bubble for Primary and Secondary Succession Place the following terms in bubbles Takes ~100 years Takes over 100+ years Creates an ecosystem Makes a new ecosystem Makes a pre-existing ecosystem Pioneer species Disturbance occurred Ecosystem expanding Makes soil Soil already present
