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Answer Key Introduction to Ecology Study Guide Chapter 1: Marking Period 3 1. Claws, teeth, keen vision, quick, swift, strength 2. Mimicry, camo, poison, smell, agile, eyes on side to hide 3. Space, Water, Food, Weather 4. A role or task of species in ecosystem 5. Fish leaving coral reef for algae to eat 6. Population is one species in an area- herd of bison 7. A barnacle hitching a ride on a whale’s fin 8. Protection, Food, Water, and Mates 9. A trait a species is born with to help it thrive 10. The first organism to inhabit an area. Examples- moss, lichen 11. The struggle between two species for limiting factors 12. Carrying Capacity 13. Number of Individuals/ Area squared 14. 38 pheasants 15. Between 1974-1982 the population decreased 16. Point B in 1974 the population was 50 pheasants 17. The rapid decrease could be caused by a rise in predators, extreme weather, or human destruction 18. The pheasants would either emigrate or expire if their habitat was decimated by humans building a hotel. 19. The smallest level of ecology is an organism. Example- bison, lilypad, prarie dog 20. Hawks, salamanders, oak trees 21. Sunlight, soil, oxygen, weather, and water 22. Soil is abiotic or nonliving. This is because it does not complete all features of life. For example it does not breath, eat, or reproduce. 23. Predators eating the vegetation, natural disaster destroying ecosystem, overcrowding, or humans tearing down area 24. Shelter and Food these provide nutrients and protection 25. Lilypads are a population or all the members on one species in a given area. 26. A population and community are different. A community is many species in area, a population is one species in an area. 27. 80 Flamingos/ 5 meters squared= 16 flamingos/meter squared 28. Succession is the series of changes in an ecosystem. Secondary succession occurs after human deforestation or forest fire. Where the land is damaged but not destroyed. Soil is still present and plants can grow back in 100 year time. Primary succession occurs after a natural disaster for example a volcanic eruption. The eruption destroys and decimates an ecosystem. The organisms emigrate or expire and soil has to form from eroding rock and decaying life. As you can see succession can be classified in two ways. 29. VARIED ANSWERS. JUSTIFY YOUR CHOICE. 30. Scenario 1- parasitism the tick is harming the human Scenario 2- Mutualism the bacteria gets a habitat and the human body makes vitamin K Scenario 3- Commensalism the human does not need the bacteria to clean its skin cells, the body does that naturally. The bacteria have a snack while the human is unharmed.