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Background Info Peloponnesian war over – Athens crushed Sparta tried to take over as leading power in Greece Persian Empire took control of Ionia. Sparta helped in exchange for support against Athens Continuing Warfare 401 BC – 10,000 Greeks under Spartan leadership achieve a stunning victory at Cunaxa (kyooNAK-suh) Spartans continue for many years to harass Persia to gain control of Ionia – all in vain 394 BC Sparta’s hopes dashed at battle of Cnidus (NYD-uhs) Continuing Warfare (cont) Next several decades the Greek city states fought among themselves for power 387 BC Greek city states form a truce – Persia would control Ionia and Greek city states would be independent (no alliances or empires) Pan-Hellenism Isocrates (Greek orator) pushes for a Greek alliance All Greeks binding together is known as “Pan-Hellenism” Thebes tries to unite the Greeks, then Athens tried once again Pan-Hellenism (cont) By 357 BC Athens’ second attempt to unify the Greeks failed as city states revolted. Greek independence began to draw to a close The Destruction of the Polis What was the central element of Greek life? How did the Delian League destroy the independent and self sufficient concept of the polis? As people begin to question the polis what other elements of Greek civilization might they begin to question? Why is this dangerous?