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Created by:
Mrs. Deborah Thompson
http://www.ancientgreece.co.uk/acropolis/story/sto_set.htm
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Main Idea:
Under Pericles, Athens
became very powerful
and more democratic.
Athens joined with other city-states,
except Sparta, to form the Delian
League.
The Delian League was an alliance of
Greek city-states, created to fight the
Persians.
…
How did
Athens
become
powerful?
What was the job of the Delian League?
1. Promised to defend it’s members
against the Persians.
2. Worked to drive the Persians out of
Greek territories in Asia Minor.
Because most of the chief officials and military
leaders in the Delian League were Athenian, Athens
gained control over all city-states, except Sparta.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXnEew
b4GE4&list=PLfPKzPoLH-dwBWPr4hLjpCYJOBwfeM9S
…
Athenians believed in Democracy.
Their system
was a Direct
democracy
where citizens
met at mass
meetings and
voted on laws
and policies.
This
wouldn’t
work with
a large
populatio
n like the
U.S.
The United
States has a
representative
democracy
where citizens
choose a
smaller group
to make laws
and
governmental
decisions on
their behalf.
Male citizens
over 18 years old
made up the
assembly.
The assembly
passed all laws,
elected officials, and
made decisions on
war and foreign
affairs.
Assemblies met at
the agora, an
ancient marketplace
for public debate.
Generals carried
out the
assembly’s laws
and policies.
After the Persian Wars, the
leading general in Athenian
politics was named Pericles.
1. Demanded strict loyalty and
tax payments all city-states.
2. Insisted all city-states use
Athenian coins and measures.
3. Included Athenians from all
social classes in government.
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_story_ch8
4. Began paying
government officeholders.
?
Culture blossomed under Pericles The Age of Pericles
was a
“golden age” of creativity and
learning for Athens .
1. Began a major
building program
and had statues and
new temples
constructed
2. Supported
artists, architects,
writers, and
philosophers
3. Promoted the
idea of democracy
which included
public debate, and
majority rule
Why did Pericles call Athens “the school of Greece”?
Pericles worked to make Athens a centerpiece of art, philosophy,
and democracy to serve as a model for all other city-states.
“All kinds of enterprises should be
created which will provide an
inspiration for every art, find
employment for every hand… we
must devote ourselves to acquiring things that
will be the source of
everlasting fame .”
Pericles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFXJWk
EvNgk&list=PLfPKzPoLH-dwBWPr4hLjpCYJOBwfeM9S
http://www.ancientgreece.
co.uk/acropolis/challenge/
cha_set.html
Many Athenians depended
on farming for a living.
1 Farmers grew
grains, vegetables,
and fruit for local
use and grapes and
olives for wine and
oil to sell abroad.
Slavery was common in the ancient
world and Athens depended on
slavery to support it’s economy.
2. Herders raised
sheep and goats
for wool, milk,
and cheese.
3. Merchants and
artisans grew
wealthy by making
and selling pottery,
jewelry, leather
goods, and other
products.
1. By the 400’s B.C., Athens had the largest population of all the
city-states.
2. During the 400’s B.C., Athens became the trading center of the
Greek world.
The roles of men and women were very different in ancient Athens.
Men
1. Men went to
school, worked,
excersized, and
attended
assemblies at all
male gatherings
to discuss politics
and philosophy.
2. Men controlled
Athenian society
and families.
Women
1. Women married
and cared for the
home and children
2. Poor women
worked with
husbands in the
fields or shops but
wealthy women
stayed home and
supervised servants
3. Women couldn’t
attend school and
had no political
rights or property
Who
was
Aspasia?
1.
She was the wife of
Pericles, and one of
the few women
who
enjoyed special
status.
2.
Aspasia was
well educated and
taught public
speaking to
many
Athenian men.
3.
She influenced the
ideas of Plato and
Pericles although
she was not
allowed to vote
or hold
office
The Athenian empire became rich and
powerful from trade and politics.
The
Parthenon
Other city-states, led by Sparta, did not trust
Athens.
Athens and Sparta had very different societies
and had clashed on many occasions.
Main Idea:
Sparta and
Athens
went to
war for
control of
Greece.
War between Athens and Sparta broke out in
431 B.C., and lasted for about 27 years.
Historians call this conflict the Peloponnesian
War because Sparta was located in the
Peloponnesus.
Pericles Funeral Oration
Is about
…
In the first winter of the war, the Athenians held a public
funeral to honor those
who had died in battle. Pericles delivered his famous speech called the Funeral
Oration
Pericles said:
Pericles said:
Athens was a
great place
and that the
people made
their
government
strong
Athenians
were part of a
community
and they had
agreed to obey
the rules in
their
constitution,
which was the
framework of
their
government
Pericles said:
Athenians
had certain
duties, such
as paying
taxes and
defending
their citystate
Pericles said:
Athenians
had certain
rights, such
as the ability
to vote, own
property,
and run for
office
Pericles reminded the Athenians of the power of their democracy
and motivated them to believe in themselves.
“If we go to war, as I think we must,
be determined that we are not
going to climb down,
for it is from the greatest
dangers that the greatest
glories are to be won.”
Pericles
So, What
Happened
?
Pericles knew the Spartan army could defeat the
Athenians in open battles, so he brought all the people into
the city and had the navy deliver supplies from their
colonies. Sparta had no navy to attack their ships.
In the second year of the war, a terrible plague spread
throughout the crowded city and killed one third of the
people including Pericles.
Although the Athenians fought on for another 25 years,
the Spartans joined forces with the Persians and attacked
and defeated Athens.
What
happened
After that?
The Peloponnesian War weakened all of the
major Greek City-states.
1.
Many people
died
2.
Many farms
were
destroyed
3.
Many people
lost their
jobs
4.
The war made
it impossible
for the Greeks
to unite and
work together
again
Sparta tried to rule all of Greece, but within 30 years the
city-states rebelled and the Greeks were fighting among
themselves again.