Download Cell Structure and Function Unit Review

Cell Structure and
Function Unit Review
CA Biology Standards 1a, 1c,
1e
YM 2010
1. There are two major groups of
cells based on the absence
or presence of a nucleus.
Name these two groups:
1. There are two major groups of
cells based on the absence
or presence of a nucleus.
Name these two groups:
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
2. Which cell type does
have a nucleus?
2. Which cell type does
have a nucleus?
Eukaryote
3. LIST two types of
Eukaryotic cells:
3. LIST two types of
Eukaryotic cells:
Plant
Animal
4. What is an example of a
“prokaryotic” organism?
4. What is an example of a
“prokaryotic” organism?
Bacteria
5. Fill the table below with information you have
learned about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic Cells
How old is this cell type?
Size
Does it have a nucleus?
Does it have DNA?
Does it have a cell membrane?
Does it have ribosomes?
Eukaryotic Cells
OLDER
LARGER
5. Fill the table below with information you have
learned about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic
Cells
OLDER
Eukaryotic Cells
Smaller
No
Yes
LARGER
Does it have a cell
membrane?
Yes
Yes
Does it have ribosomes?
Yes
Yes
How old is this cell
type?
Size
Does it have a nucleus?
Does it have DNA?
Younger
Yes
Yes
6. Label the diagram below
as a plant cell or an
animal cell.
6. Label the diagram below
as a plant cell or an
animal cell.
I-Animal
II-Plant
7. Besides chloroplasts,
which other structure in
ONLY found in plant cells
7. Besides chloroplasts,
which other structure in
ONLY found in plant cells
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Vacuole
8. List 3 structures that
BOTH plant and animal
cells share:
8. List 3 structures that
BOTH plant and animal
cells share:
Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
9. Fill in the table below:
PLANT Cell
Has a cell
membrane
Has cytoplasm
Has chloroplasts
Has a cell wall
Has ribosomes
Has a nucleus
ANIMAL
Cells
9. Fill in the table below:
PLANT Cell
ANIMAL
Cells
Has a cell
membrane
Yes
Yes
Has cytoplasm
Yes
Yes
Has chloroplasts
Yes
NO
Has a cell wall
Yes
NO
Has ribosomes
Yes
Yes
Has a nucleus
Yes
Yes
10. What is an
organelle
10. What is an
organelle
Specialized structure that has a
specific function in the cell
11. Label the diagram to
the right with the correct
organelles.
11. Label the diagram to
the right with the correct
organelles.
1. Endoplasmic Reticulum
2. nUCLEUS
3. MitoCHONDRIA
4. Cell MEMBRANE
5. Golgi apparatus
12. What is the function of
a RIBOSOME?
12. What is the function of
a RIBOSOME?
Sites of protein synthesis
13. Which of the structure
above is responsible for
maintaining
homeostasis in cells?
13. Which of the structure
above is responsible for
maintaining
homeostasis in cells?
Cell Membrane
14. Using the diagram of the cell
membrane, what molecule is labeled
with the letter X?
Letter Y?
14. Using the diagram of the cell
membrane, what molecule is labeled
with the letter X? Protein
Letter Y? Phospholipid Head
15. What structure is shown
in the diagram to the
right?
15. What structure is shown
in the diagram to the
right?
Plasma Membrane
16. Label the
phospholipid diagram
using the words
16. Label the
phospholipid diagram
using the words
17. What does
hydrophilic mean?
17. What does
hydrophilic mean?
Water loving
18. What does
hydrophobic mean?
18. What does
hydrophobic mean?
Water fearing
19. Why is the cell
membrane referred to as
“semi-permeable”?
19. Why is the cell
membrane referred to as
“semi-permeable”?
Only allows certain substance to
pass through
20. What is the function
of a Cell Marker?
20. What is the function
of a Cell Marker?
Cell Identification
21. What is the NAME of
the type of transport
shown below?
A
Molecules
B
Selectively permeable membrane
21. What is the NAME of
the type of transport
shown below?
A
Facilitated
Diffusion
Osmosis
Exocytosis
Molecules
B
Selectively permeable membrane
Diffusion
22. Define Diffusion:
22. Define Diffusion:
Movement of molecules from an
area of HIGH concentration to
LOW concentration
23. What are 3 examples of
molecules that move
easily in and out of cells
through diffusion?
23. What are 3 examples of
molecules that move
easily in and out of cells
through diffusion?
Water
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
24. Define Osmosis:
24. Define Osmosis:
Movement of water from an area
of HIGH concentration to LOW
concentration
25. Does passive
transport, require ATP?
active transport?
25. Does passive
transport, require ATP?
NO
active transport?
YES
26. During passive
transport, which direction
do the molecules move?
26. During passive
transport, which direction
do the molecules move?
HIGH to LOW concentration
27. During passive
transport, which direction
is the CONCENTRATION
GRADIENT?
27. During passive
transport, which direction
is the CONCENTRATION
GRADIENT?
Moves with the concentration
gradient
28. During active
transport, which direction
do the molecules move?
28. During active
transport, which direction
do the molecules move?
LOW to HIGH concentration
29. During active
transport, which direction
is the CONCENTRATION
GRADIENT?
AGAINST
29. During active
transport, which direction
is the CONCENTRATION
GRADIENT?
30._____The organelle that modifies, packages
and prepares proteins for export out of the cell.
31._____The structure that stores and transmits
genetic information.
32._____The organelles whose main function is
to manufacture and transport materials to other
locations.
33._____These organelles are the sites of
protein synthesis.
34._____This structure relates what substance
enters and exits the cell.
35._____This organelle manufactures, modifies,
and detoxifies lipids.
A. Cell Membrane
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Nucleus
D. Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
E. Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
F. Ribosomes
30._B_The organelle that modifies, packages
and prepares proteins for export out of the cell.
31._C_The structure that stores and transmits
genetic information.
32._E_The organelles whose main function is to
manufacture and transport materials to other
locations.
33._F_These organelles are the sites of protein
synthesis.
34_A_This structure relates what substance
enters and exits the cell.
35._D_This organelle manufactures, modifies,
and detoxifies lipids.
36. Which cell type, PLANT
or ANIMAL, is shown to
the right?
A
A.
BB.
C
C.
36. Which cell type, PLANT
or ANIMAL, is shown to
the right?
Animal
A
A.
BB.
C
C.
37. What is structure A?
A
A.
BB.
C
C.
37. What is structure A?
Cell Membrane
A
A.
BB.
C
C.
38. What is structure B?
A
A.
BB.
C
C.
38. What is structure B?
Nucleus
A
A.
BB.
C
C.
39. What is structure C?
A
A.
BB.
C
C.
39. What is structure C?
Cytoplasm
A
A.
BB.
C
C.
40. Which cell type, PLANT
or ANIMAL, is shown
below?
E.
D.
40. Which cell type, PLANT
or ANIMAL, is shown
below?
Plant
E.
D.
41. What is structure D?
E.
D.
41. What is structure D?
Cell Wall
E.
D.
42. What is structure E?
E.
D.
42. What is structure E?
Nucleus
E.
D.
43. When a cell is placed into a
solution with a lower water
concentration than the cell, like
syrup, what will happen to the
size of the cell?
Low Water
Concentration
EGG
43. When a cell is placed into a
solution with a lower water
concentration than the cell, like
syrup, what will happen to the
size of the cell?
Shrink
Low Water
Concentration
EGG
44. Which direction did the
water molecules move
when the above happened?
Low Water
Concentration
EGG
44. Which direction did the
water molecules move
when the above happened?
HIGH to LOW
concentration
Low Water
Concentration
EGG
45. What is the diffusion of a
water molecule, across a
membrane, from HIGH
concentration to LOW
concentration called?
45. What is the diffusion of a
water molecule, across a
membrane, from HIGH
concentration to LOW
concentration called?
Osmosis
46. What type of movement,
active or passive, is the
diffusion of a water molecule,
across a membrane?
46. What type of movement,
active or passive, is the
diffusion of a water molecule,
across a membrane?
Passive
47. “Are not made of cells;
cannot make proteins by
themselves; cannot
replicate on their own.”
These statements best describe a
47. “Are not made of cells;
cannot make proteins by
themselves; cannot
replicate on their own.”
These statements best describe a
Virus
48. Why are viruses not
living organisms?
48. Why are viruses not
living organisms?
Not made of cells
49. Using numbers, place
the following in order from
smallest to largest:
_____plant cell
______virus
_______bacteria
49. Using numbers, place
the following in order from
smallest to largest:
3. plant cell
1. virus
2. bacteria
50. What do the statements below
describe?
1. All living things are made up of cells
2. The cell is the basic unit of life.
3. All cells come from existing cells
50. What do the statements below
describe?
Cell Theory
1. All living things are made up of cells
2. The cell is the basic unit of life.
3. All cells come from existing cells
51. _____The cell membrane of the
red blood cell will allow water,
oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose
to pass through. Because other
substances are blocked from
entering, this membrane is called
A perforated.
B semi-permeable.
C non-conductive.
D permeable.
51. _____The cell membrane of the
red blood cell will allow water,
oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose
to pass through. Because other
substances are blocked from
entering, this membrane is called
A perforated.
B semi-permeable.
C non-conductive.
D permeable.
52. _____The plasma membrane of a cell
consists of
A protein molecules arranged in two layers with
polar areas forming the outside of the membrane.
B two layers of lipids organized with the nonpolar
tails forming the interior of the membrane.
C lipid molecules positioned between two
carbohydrate layers.
D protein molecules with polar and nonpolar tails.
52. _____The plasma membrane of a cell
consists of
A protein molecules arranged in two layers with
polar areas forming the outside of the membrane.
B two layers of lipids organized with the nonpolar
tails forming the interior of the membrane.
C lipid molecules positioned between two
carbohydrate layers.
D protein molecules with polar and nonpolar tails.
53._____A cell from heart
muscle would probably
have an unusually high
proportion of
A lysosomes.
B mitochondria.
C mRNA.
D Golgi bodies.
53._____A cell from heart
muscle would probably
have an unusually high
proportion of
A lysosomes.
B mitochondria.
C mRNA.
D Golgi bodies.
54. _____Eukaryotic cells are
differentiated from prokaryotic
cells because eukaryotic cells
A are much smaller.
B have permeable membranes.
C have a higher rate of reproduction.
D have nuclei.
54. Eukaryotic cells are
differentiated from prokaryotic
cells because eukaryotic cells
A are much smaller.
B have permeable membranes.
C have a higher rate of reproduction.
D have nuclei.
Macromolecule Review—
previous unit
55. Fill-in the table below:
Macromolecule:
Monomer
A. Lipids
1 glycerol head
and
3 Fatty acid tails
B. Carbohydrates
Mono_________
Polymer
Polysaccharide
or
______________
(excess Plant sugar)
C. Proteins
D. Nucleic Acids
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Macromolecule Review—
previous unit
55. Fill-in the table below:
Macromolecule:
Monomer
Polymer
A. Lipids
1 glycerol head
and
3 Fatty acid tails
Lipid
B. Carbohydrates
Monosaccharide
Polysaccharide
or Starch_ (excess Plant
sugar)
C. Proteins
D. Nucleic Acids
Amino Acid
Nucleotide
Protein
Nucleic Acid
56. Look at the table above.
What do you notice
about macromolecules
and polymers?
56. Look at the table above.
What do you notice
about macromolecules
and polymers?
They are the same name
57. During denaturation the
shape of the molecule is
permanently changed. Name
2 causes of denaturation.
A change in:
57. During denaturation the
shape of the molecule is
permanently changed. Name
2 causes of denaturation.
A change in:
pH
Temperature
1.
2.
58. Use the diagram to the right for
help. TRUE or FALSE
____The active site is located on the enzyme
and is unique.
____The enzyme and active site can be used
again.
____Denaturation could reduce the activity of
the enzyme.
58. Use the diagram to the right for
help. TRUE or FALSE
TRUE_The active site is located on the
enzyme and is unique.
TRUE_The enzyme and active site can be used
again.
TRUE_Denaturation could reduce the activity of
the enzyme.
STUDY!!!!