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Elementary Harmony
What are the three elements of music?
By Ann Kim
The three elements
of music
Melody
Rhythm
Harmony
Let us assume that you have just heard a
single musical sound…
• Melody:
how high or low
is the sound?
• Rhythm:
how long is the
sound held?
• Harmony:
what is the
distance between pitches?
Melody
• Melodies consist of a
linear succession of
sounds (pitches) and
silences moving through
time.
Rhythm
• Rhythm refers to all the
duration of the sounds and
silences in the musical
flow.
Harmony
• Harmony results
when two or more
pitches are
sounded
simultaneously.
The Staff
5
4
3
2
1
4
3
2
1
* The staff is composed of five lines and
four spaces.
Pitches on the Staff
E
G
B
Treble or G clef
D
F
F
A
C
E
Pitches on the Staff
G
B
Bass or F clef
D
F
A
A
c
E
G
Accidentals
Sharp. Raises the pitch of a tone one half step.
Flat
Lowers the pitch of a tone one half step.
Location of on the keyboard
two
two
You can find any C on the keyboard by finding the white key
immediately to the Left of any group of two black keys.
Names of the Keys
D E
F G
A
B
D
E
F G
A
B
Notes & Keys
D E
F G
A
B
D
E F G
A
B
Half Steps and Whole Steps
c
D
E
F
half step
1/2
G
A
B
C
half step
1/2
Notes and Rests
Whole Note
1
Whole Rest
Half Note
1/2
Half Rest
Quarter
Note
1/4
Quarter
Rest
Eight Note
1/8
Eight Rest
1/16
Sixteenth
Rest
Sixteenth
Note
Time Signature, Measure, and Bar Lines
measure
measure
3
4
time signature
bar line
double bar line
Introduction to Chords
third
fifth
root
* A chord is a combination of three or more notes.
* This type of chord is called the triad.
Perfect and Major Intervals
M2
M3
P4
P5
M6
M7
P8
Check these web links
• http://ditto.com/searchResults.asp?mainToolbar=i
mageSelected&pid=7002&p=1&ss=music
• http://www.musictheory.net
• http://web1hamilton.edu/javamusic/PianoKeyFind
er.html
• http://web1hamilton.edu/javamusic/NoteReading.
html
Credits
musictheory.net
Elementary Harmony
by
Robert W. Ottman
Clip Gallery Power Point