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Transcript
Sun, Earth, and Moon Presented by Daphnie Poole Earth ScienceTeacher I bet you know the answers! • • • • • • What causes day & night? Which one is bigger the earth or the moon? Where does the moon get its light from? What percent of the earth is always lit by the sun? How many stars are in our solar system? How many days does it take for the Earth to revolve around the sun? • How many low and high tides on Earth every 24 hours? The Earth: • -is the third planet from the Sun, • -is an oblated sphere, • -rotates on its imaginary axis counterclockwise every 24 hours or 1 day, • -appears blue in space because it is 70% water, -revolves around the sun every 365 days or 1 year. We breathe: • 78% nitrogen • 21% oxygen • 1% argon, neon, nitrogen 80 60 40 20 0 per cen nitrogen 78 oxygen 21 1 trace oxygen trace carbon dioxide, neon, & krypton Which one is the smallest? Which one is the largest? • Can you put these in size order? • Place the following in order from largest to smallest. • Moon • Sun • Earth Answer: Sun, Earth, then moon • The sun is the largest • Next in size is the Earth. • The moon is smaller than the Earth • Which of these is the biggest? • • • • F G H J The moon The Earth The sun Jupiter Answer: H The sun is the largest! Our sun is the only star in our solar system. The sun is also the largest heavenly body in our solar system. Earth Patterns,Cycles, and Change • The sun heats the Earth • • • • unevenly, making the poles cold and the tropics hot, becauseA the tropics face more directly toward the sun B the poles are covered with ice which causes cold air C seasons change D weather changes • The moon revolves around • • • • F G H J itself the Earth the sun the solar system • The moon revolves or orbits the Earth once every 29 days. • We all ways see the same side of the moon because the moon rotates and revolves at about the same speed. Earth Science Question: rotation • What is rotation? (define) • The rotation of the Earth on its axis causes• • • • A B C D days months seasons years Rotation causes day & night. • Rotation is the turning or spinning of the Earth in one place on its imaginary axis. • Rotation of the earth on its axis causes day & night. (answer A). Earth Science Question: • Which of these shows the location of a polar ice cap? • Which of these shows the location of the equator? Polar ice caps= A Equator= C Which of these is caused by the turning of the Earth? • • • • F G H J Summer and winter Stars Day and night Moon phases The turning of the Earth causes •Day & Night When the moon is seen from the Earth as a whole circle, it is called a FULL MOON. Phases of the Moon • The lunar phase or phase of the moon is the shape of the illuminated (sunlit) portion of the Moon as seen by an observer, usually on Earth. • The lunar phases change cyclically as the Moon orbits the Earth, according to the changing relative positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. The Phases • New Moon • If the Moon is on the same side of the Earth as the Sun, then the face of the Moon that can be seen from the Earth is no longer illuminated by the Sun's rays — as only the opposing side is facing the Sun. As a result, it is invisible in the Earth's sky. Waxing Moon • The term used to describe the period of the Moon as it moves from a New Moon to a Full Moon, increasing in visibility with respect to an Earth-bound observer. • Waxing crescent Waxing Gibbous Crescent Moon • The famous image of the Moon frequently used in the media, consisting of only a thin crescent slice of the Moon being visible from Earth. • This phase of the moon occurs just after the New Moon phase, which is also known as Dark of the Moon. There is also a Crescent Moon phase just prior to the next New Moon as well. Gibbous Moon • There are two Gibbous phases of the Moon, with the first representing the growing moon between the First Quarter and the Full Moon and the second when it describes the Moon growing smaller as it shrinks down from the Full Moon to the Last Quarter. Half Moon • Term that is used to describe the First Quarter Moon and the Last Quarter Moon. • First Quarter Last Quarter Full Moon • During this phase of the Moon it is entirely illuminated and visible from the Earth. The Moon is opposite the Sun in this phase, with the Earth in between. When the moon is seen from the Earth as a whole circle, it is called a• • • • A B C D Crescent moon Full moon Half moon New moon The next major phase of the moon would be… • First quarter. • Just think about it…the • New moon (can only get bigger. • • • • Or = Waxing).. Then comes Waxing crescent …next is First quarter…then Waxing Gibbous and then a Full Moon. Which of these is the next phase of the moon? • New Moon --- Waxing Crescent --- ? • • • • F Full Moon G Waning Crescent H First Quarter J Waxing Gibbous The revolution of the Earth around the Sun takes• • • • A B C D a day & night or 12 hours a week or 7 days a month or 29-31 days a year or 365 days The revolution of the Earth around the sun • Takes 365 days • or one year. • NOTE: • Due to the tilt of the Earth’s axis during revolution, the Earth experiences seasons.