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Transcript
The Renaissance 1300-1600 The Renaissance Begins in Italy • Italy had 3 Advantages: Thriving cities Rich merchant class (like the Medici family in Florence) o Classical heritage of Greece and Rome o o New Values • Humanism- focus on human potential and achievement instead of Christian teachings • Enjoyment of Life including good food, nice clothes • Patrons of the arts- the wealthy spend money on the arts What is a Renaissance Man? • A person who mastered many fields of study • The Courtier by Baldassare Castiglione taught how to become a Renaissance man New Techniques in Art • Realistic portraits and sculptures- very human like • Perspective- 3 dimensions The Artists of the Renaissance • Michelangelo- St. Peter’s Basilica, Sistine Chapel, David • Leonardo da Vinci- Mona Lisa, The Last Supper • Raphael- School of Athens The Writers of the Renaissance • They use vernacular- native or local language • Petrarch- humanist and poet • Boccacio- Decameron • Machiavelli – The Prince The Renaissance Moves North Why? • Italian artists flee Italy and move north because Italy gets invaded • Wealthy merchants in the north begin to be patrons of the arts How was it different? • Northern artists focused on religion and social reform Northern Renaissance Artists • Albrecht Durer- German artist- woodcuts and engravings • Hans Holbein- German artist- portrait painter • Jan van Eyck- Flemish painter who used oil-based paints Northern Renaissance Writers Christian Humanists • Desiderius Erasmus- The Praise of Folly • Thomas More – Utopia • Francios Rebelais- Gargantua and Pantagruel Shakespeare and the Elizabethan Age • William Shakespeare- English playwright • Renaissance in England= Elizabethan Age when Queen Elizabeth I patronized the arts The Printing Press • Johann Gutenberg- German craftsman who used Chinese block printing technology to invent the printing press • Gutenberg Bible- first full size book printed using movable type • Printing spreads learning by making copies quickly and using the vernacular