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Download PowerPoint Presentation - The Human Digestive System
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The Digestive System (Breaking food down into smaller pieces) Let’s find out what happened to your breakfast today! • • • • • • • • • • Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Liver Large Intestine Gall Bladder Pancreas Rectum Anus Mouth • Teeth (mechanical breakdown) – Incisors used for cutting – Canines used for stabbing and holding – Molars large surface area used for grinding • Saliva (chemical breakdown) – Enzyme (speeds up reactions in the body) – Breaks down carbohydrate Esophagus • Approximately 25cm • long Moves food from the throat to the stomach – Muscle movement called peristalsis • If acid from the stomach gets in here that’s heartburn. Stomach • Stores the food you • • • eat Chemically breaks it down into tiny pieces Mixes food with digestive juices Acid in the stomach kills bacteria Small Intestine • Small intestines are roughly • • • 6 metres long. Enzymes and bile are added. Villi increase the surface area to help absorption. Nutrients from the food pass into the bloodstream through the small intestine walls. Liver • Directly affects digestion by producing bile – Bile is an enzyme that helps dissolve fat • Processes nutrients in • the blood, filters out toxins and waste. Is often called the body’s energy factory Gall Bladder • Stores bile from the • • liver Delivers bile when food is digested Fatty diets can cause gallstones Pancreas • Produces compounds • • to digest fats and proteins Neutralizes acids that enter small intestine Regulates blood sugar by producing insulin Large Intestine • About 1.5 metres long • Accepts what small • • intestines don’t absorb. Absorbs water and minerals from the waste matter. Absorption means taking into the body via the blood stream. Rectum and Anus • Rectum – About 15cm long – Stores waste before egestion. • Anus – Muscular ring that controls egestion. Write the name of each colored organ: • • • • • • • Green: Red: Pink: Brown: Purple: Green: Yellow:
