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Nutrition
Nutrition - What’s the big deal?
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One: YOU need to be healthy
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Eating a well balanced diet is important to
achieving and maintaining good health
Two: YOU may need to supply
nutritional counseling
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Responsible to present prove information &
advice that will be helpful to a patient
Nutrition
Diet: deals with
food that is taken
into the mouth
 Adequate diet:
meets (in full) all
nutritional needs
& provides some
degree of
protection
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 Digestion:
process by
which food is
converted into
nutrients for
the body to use
Nutrition
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Nutrients:
Substances
conveying
nourishment to be
utilized by the body
in growth, repair
tissues, energy,
regulating &
maintaining body
processes
Nutrition
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Nutrition: Process by which an
individual utilizes these food materials
to meet body needs
Nutrition
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Under nutrition: particularly in the young
– may inhibit growth and delay maturation
– not receiving enough nutrients
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Over nutrition: such as eating too much
or eating the wrong foods, may need lead
to obesity and its many related diseases
Classification of Nutrients
 Key
Nutrients:
 Water
 Vitamins
 Minerals
 Fats
 Proteins
 Carbohydrates
Good Nutrition
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Depends on: team work of key nutrients
Each has a specific role in building,
maintaining, & operating the body
Extra of one does not make up for shortage
of another
Deficiency of one may interfere with
maximum use of others
Carbohydrates
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Primary source of energy
Facilitate use of fats
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Two types:
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Complex carbohydrates – mainly found in
vegetables, fruits, & grains
Refined Carbohydrates – found in sugars, syrup,
jelly, baked goods & other sweets
Proteins
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Important nutrients – fundamental structural
material of every cell
Only nutrients that can repair or build new
tissue.
Proteins are used in manufacturing
hormones, enzymes, & building antibodies
Sources: meat, fish, poultry,
eggs, cheese, dried beans,
peanut butter,
whole grain bread & cereal
Key Nutrients
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Water:
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Essential - live longer w/out food than
water
Acts as a solvent
Part of body tissue
Regulate body temp
Key Nutrients
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Vitamins
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Organic substances necessary in minute
amounts for proper growth,
development, optimal health.
Formation of blood cells, hormones,
genetic material nervous system
chemical.
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
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Vitamin A
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Food Sources: whole milk, butter,
cream, liver, dark leafy vegetables
Functions: Dim light vision, maintains
mucous membranes, growth &
development of bones, healthy skin
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
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Vitamin D – can be manufactured by body
when exposed to Ultraviolet rays
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Food Sources: Eggs, liver, fortified milk,
Functions: Bone growth, healthy tooth
development
Vitamin E – related to aging
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Food Sources: Margarines, Salad dressing
Functions: Antioxidant, Skin conditioning
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
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Vitamin K – promotes formation of
prothrombine, stored in liver
 Food Sources: Milk, egg yolk, liver,
green leafy vegetables, Cabbage
 Functions: Blood clotting & coagulation
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Fat Soluble vitamins are stored in
body fat and are not destroyed by
cooking.
Water Soluble
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Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)-balanced
through Kidney, excreted by body daily
 Food Sources: Fruits – all citrus, Plants
– Broccoli, Tomatoes, Brussels sprouts,
Potatoes
 Functions: Prevents Scurvy, Formation
of collagen, healing of wounds,release of
stress hormones, Absorption of Iron.
Water Soluble
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Vitamin B complex – Excreted by body
daily Classified in group – work together,
each has own distinction (see table 5-3 pg
73 in text book)
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Some nutrients are lost from cooking
foods that contain water soluble
vitamins
Minerals
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Inorganic substances necessary in minute
amounts for proper growth, development and
optimal health
Give rigidity to the structure of bones & teeth
Work together and important to maintain a
balance to prevent deficiencies
Minerals
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Major:
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Sodium
Calcium
Potassium
Sulfur
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Trace:
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Copper
Chromium
Molybdenum
???
Cariogenic
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Carbohydrate containing foods contain the
nutrients used by some bacteria
Bacteria in plaque uses nutrients in sugary
foods to produce acid
Frequency and duration of eating sugary
substances may be more important than the
quantity.
Nutritional Planning
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Meet the body’s nutritional requirement &
caloric needs
Dentally undesirable diet components should
be considered
Cariogenic foods are high in calories and low
in nutrients – intake will automatically be
controlled when other nutritional needs are
met first.