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ANCIENT GREECE
From City States to Empire
THE FIRST GREEKS
• Minoans and Mycenaeans were the first to populate the Greek Peninsula.
• Not much is known about these groups because there is not much historical
evidence.
CITY STATES IN GREECE
• Greece is has rough terrain that led to different cities developing from each other
and growing without communication. This led to the rise of city states in Greece..
MINOANS
• Named after the legendary ruler or Crete, King Minos.
• It is believed that they were traders that developed a rich, diverse culture.
MYCENAEANS
• Came from a group of people who migrated from India through the Middle East and
into Greece around 2000 B.C.E.
• Expanded territory until running into he Minaons.
• Mycenaeans wiped out the Minaons,.
• Mycenaens eventually wiped out by the Dorians.
• Economic activity halted and not much is known about the period.
• Eventually civilization began to resurface.
ATHENS
• Birthplace of many significant ideas.
• Democratic form of government.
• Education was very important and many people studied such things as Science,
History, and Philosophy.
• Athenians placed a heavy emphasis on arts, architecture, and literature.
• “classical” often refers to Athenian style.
SPARTA
• Located in the Southern part of Greece.
• Sparta developed as an Oligarchy that was ruled by two kings.
• A revolution led to Spartan society becoming more strict as they asked citizens to
become totally dedicated to the state.
• Citizens were trained to become hardened soldiers so that they can fight off potential
enemies.
• Women did not have the right to vote, although they were expected to be just as
dedicated to the state.
THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
• Athens and Sparta eventually fought in a war against each other known as the
Peloponnesian War (431 – 404 B.C.E).
• War was fought for a long time because both were strong city states.
• The war led to famine, and the spread of the plague.
• Athens eventually surrendered, but their ideas began to spread through the region
and helped developed Greece as an empire.
DEMOCRACY IS BORN
• In Athens, every citizen was required to vote.
• Only free adult men enjoyed the rights of a citizen.
• 20 percent of the population.
• Women were not citizens and could not vote.
• Not permitted out in public by their own free will.
POLYTHEISM
• Belief in multiple gods
• What is an antonym of polytheism?.
• Greek Gods
• Given human characteristics and many myths involve the temperaments of the gods and
goddesses.
• Greek Myths
• Often contained messages about the creation of the world, and explanation for the reason
things were.