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The Circulatory System
Function of the Circulatory System
1.
Why do large organisms need a circulatory system?
2. What are the three components of the circulatory system?
a) _______________________ b) _____________________ c) ________________________
3. What is meant by the pulmonary circulation?
4. What is the systemic circulation?
5. Why is the human circulation referred to as a double circulation?
6. Match each heart structure with its description.
Answer
Structure
Atria
Ventricle
Aorta
Vena cava
Septum
Bicuspid valve
Pulmonary vein
Pericardium
Pulmonary artery
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
Function
pericardium
The main vein returning blood to the heart.
The muscle that divides the two sides of the heart.
Valve between the atria and ventricle
The main artery leaving the heart
The top chambers of the heart
carries blood to the lungs
The bottom pumping chambers of the heart
The only vein carrying oxygenated blood
The Circulatory System.
Name of circulatory pathway
Side of the Heart involved
Route Blood follows
Pulmonary Circulation
Systemic Circulation
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
What happens to the blood when it reaches the lungs?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Why is blood that enters the heart from the systemic circulation oxygen-poor?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about blood flow through the heart.
a) Blood enters the heart through the right and left atria.
b) Blood enters the heart through the right and left ventricles
c) Blood flows from the ventricles to the atria.
d) Blood flows out of the heart through the right and left atria
e) Blood is prevented from flowing backwards through the heart by a series of valves.
Each heart contraction begins in a small group of cardiac muscle cells called the
__________________________ node.
Cells that “set the pace” for the beating of the heart as a whole are also called the
__________________________________
Heart muscle is made of specialized cells called __________________ muscle.
On a diagram of the circulatory system red is used to represent _________________________
blood and blue is used to represent _________________________ blood.
Types of Blood
Vessels
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about arteries.
a) Most carry oxygen – poor blood. c) They have thin walls.
b) They can expand under pressure. d) The largest is the aorta.
The smallest blood vessels found in the body are the _________________________ which are
often only one cell thick.
What work is done in the capillaries?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
What keeps blood flowing towards the heart in the largest veins?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
The force of the blood on the walls of the arteries is known as ___________________________.
Is the following statement true or false? Blood pressure increases when the heart relaxes.
____________.
Match each type of blood pressure with the force it measures.
Type of pressure
Force is measures
___________
25. Systolic
a) Force of the blood when the ventricles relax.
___________
26. Diastolic
b) Force of the blood when the ventricles contract.