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Circulatory Physiology Circulatory System • Transports oxygen and other nutrients to every cell • Carries away carbon dioxide and other waste products • Various factors affect the rate of circulation Blood Pressure • Blood moving through the blood vessels exerts pressure against the vessel walls • Highest in aorta and decreases as it moves through arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins Blood Pressure • Measure of the pressure of the blood against the walls of a blood vessel • Systolic pressure—pressure in the artery during the ventricular contraction • Diastolic pressure— pressure in the artery when the ventricles are relaxed Pulse • Expansion of the arteries with each contraction of the heart • Measured in beats per minute Experiment • Exercise or other activities affect rate of circulation • The efficiency of the circulatory system is related to individual’s health • You did 5 different fitness tests and assigned points based on the results • Pulse and blood pressure are lower and return to resting more quickly in more fit individuals Results • Why does physical activity raise hr? • Why is hr lower in fitter individuals? • Why do some people feel faint when they go from lying down to standing? • How and why does hr change with body position? • How would you describe a “fit” individual?