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Political Leadership of Julius Caesar - What effective and ineffective actions did Julius Caesar take as a political leader? Title: “Julius Caesar’s Rule as Dictator” By 44 B.C.E. the power held by the aristocracy of the Roman Republic was threatened by the rule of one man: Julius Caesar. In 45 B.C.E., the Senate made Caesar dictator for a 10-year period and he instantly became the most powerful figure in the Republic. Caesar became king in all but name. He had his name stamped on coins, had his statue put in the temple and wore royal purple. He took power from the Senate and made the magistrates (civil officers and judges) his appointees. But, he did not punish his enemies in the government by sending them from Rome as most earlier leaders had done. As dictator, Julius Caesar introduced many economic and social reforms. He gave work to thousands of Romans by starting projects to make new roads and public buildings. To keep the poor happy, he staged gladiator contests they could watch for free. He halted the extensive use of slavery in rural areas and provided jobs for poor people by passing a measure requiring that a third of the ranch laborers be Roman citizens. By limiting the number of slaves estates could employ, poor free people were able to find more work. He also established Roman colonies by giving land to landless peasants and soldiers who had fought with him. In the provinces (land conquered by Rome) he appointed new governors and made them strictly accountable so they would no longer plunder the people of all their wealth. He reduced taxes and made tax collections more fair. He allowed the people in Sicily, Spain and Gaul to become Roman citizens. All citizens were subject to Roman law, owed their allegiance (loyalty) to the emperor, and could participate in the central government of Rome or in their local governments (Frey 17). Caesar's Death: Caesar did not remain in power long enough to complete his reforms. The aristocrats of Rome and many Senators feared that if Caesar's power continued, the republican government would never be restored and Caesar would hand down his leadership to an heir. Thus, Sixty Senators plotted to kill him. He was warned of the conspiracy, but Caesar chose to ignore it. On March 15, 44 B.C.E., the assassins struck. As an unarmed Caesar entered the Senate building, a group of senators attacked him with daggers, stabbing him 23 times. Source: http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/score_lessons/caesar_rome/handout.html Political Leadership of Julius Caesar Julius Caesar Research Questions 1. What title and powers did the Roman Senate award Julius Caesar in 45 B.C.E.? The Senate made Julius Caesar dictator for 10 years in 45 BCE. 2. List the popular steps and reforms taken by Julius Caesar to improve Rome. Why did these steps make Julius Caesar popular among the Roman citizens? Julius Caesar created job opportunities for people, had free gladiator fights, stopped some of the slavery in rural places, and created jobs for those people by making sure that 1/3 of the people working in these places were Roman citizens. Now poor people who were free could find work. Caesar created colonies by giving land to the peasants and soldiers. He chose the governors of places that Rome had defeated, but made sure that they would not take everyone’s money. He lessened tax amounts, and when they were being collected, made the more fair. He even let the people from Spain, Gaul, and Sicily to become citizens of Rome. 3. Identify the unpopular steps taken by Julius Caesar that made aristocrats and Senators fear Caesar’s power. Caesar had his name put onto coins, wore purple, a symbol for royalty, had statues of himself placed in temples, and took power away from the Senate. Analysis After reading the informational text on the success and failures of Julius Caesar as a political leader, write an informative paragraph(s) that identifies and explains the important points political leaders within a civilization should learn from the political leadership of Julius Caesar. Support your position with evidence from the text (quotes Political Leadership of Julius Caesar and in-text citations) as well as explain what the people of your own civilization will do to avoid the mistakes of the past. Political Leadership of Julius Caesar Write your analysis paragraph (P.E.E.E.R.) in the space below. Color code your paragraph when complete. (Red=Topic sentence / Green=Explain / Black=Textual Evidence / Orange = Explore / Blue=Conclusion) (Double click here to type in the box) Position Statement – states your topic clearly and effectively Explain – sentence(s) that explain your position Evidence – quoted or paraphrased material that provides evidence to support your position Explore – add additional insight that makes your paragraph unique Restate – Restate a version of your position starter Julius Caesar was a great leader, but in the end his arrogance lead to his demise. Caesar conquered many areas, and won great popularity with the public. He made a mistake in becoming the sole ruler of Rome, and taking away the Republic that everyone had worked so hard to get. In Flowing Water, there will be democracy, because this form of government lets the people speak for themselves, and there is a lesser chance of an assasination like Caesar’s. “...Senators feared that if Caesar's power continued, the republican government would never be restored and Caesar would hand down his leadership to an heir,” (paragraph 3). This quote shows that Caesar’s power was getting to his head, and that this was why the Senators murdered him. The democracy of Flowing Water will result in a civilization free from a dictator, and this way it will be less likely for there to be a murder of the leader. This was the exact reason why the Senators killed Caesar— they wanted a republic. If Caesar had better listened to the people, and had he not been so full of himself, he might not have been murdered.