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Macronutrient Carbon Oxygen Hydrogen Nitrogen Phosphorus Where do plants get this from? Why do plants need it? From the air in the form of CO2 To produce food through photosynthesis To build many different organic compounds From many carbohydrate-rich foods such as bread, rice, and potatoes To build many different organic compounds Carbon gets its name from the latin word carbo which means coal Like all living things, plants need oxygen to survive From the air in the form of O2 Like all living things, humans need oxygen to survive Oxygen is blue when it’s a liquid. Major component of many compounds made by plants From all types of food Major component of many compounds made by humans About 10 percent of the weight of living organisms is hydrogen, mainly in H20, proteins, and fat. Used to build proteins and DNA Protein-rich foods, such as meat, nuts, soy, milk etc. Used to build proteins and DNA It is used in explosives. Used to build DNA Discovered in 1669, by extracting it from buckets of urine. Referred to as the “Devil’s Element” because it was the thirteenth element and its explosive properties. By using energy from light to break H2O molecules From the air in the form of O2 By using energy from light to break H2O molecules Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their roots convert N2 into NO3 Dead and decaying matter in the soil In the soil from rocks Used to build DNA Where do humans get this from? Protein-rich foods, such as meat, nuts, soy, milk etc. Why do humans need it? Fun Fact IMPORTANT: The Provincial Achievement Test requires that you know the five macronutrients that are highlighted in green! You don’t need to know the fun facts of the macronutrients. Potassium Dead and decaying matter in the soil Regulates opening and closing of stomata Many different types of food such as avocado, spinach, banana, coconut water, etc. Magnesium Dead and decaying matter in the soil Used to build chlorophyll From dark green, leafy vegetables Calcium Dead and decaying matter in the soil Used to build the cell walls Dairy products, kale, broccoli, fish bones, and grains Sulfur Dead and decaying matter in the soil Used to build proteins Protein-rich foods, especially eggs Smelly vegetables such as onions, garlic, cabbage, etc. Maintains blood pressure, and help transmit nerve signals For many things, such as to protect blood vessels, nerve and muscle function, maintains a healthy immune system, etc. For strong bones and teeth, and to allow muscles to move Used to build proteins It’s the seventh most abundant element on earth. Magnesium is not found on earth as a free element. Calcium is a mineral that plays a key role in causing hearts to contract. Has been used since ancient times and is mentioned in the Bible and the Torah