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Transcript
Complex Inheritance Guided Notes Essential How can you use a parent's genetic information to determine the probability of Question offspring having certain genotypes and phenotypes? Activating Strategy HomozygousHeterozygousDominantRecessiveGenotypePhenotype- Incomplete dominance is when the _____________________ of a heterozygous individual is an ________________ between those of the 2 homozygotes. Ex: Codominance is when the phenotypes of both _____________________ in a heterozygous individual are expressed equally. Ex: Multiple alleles is an inheritance pattern where traits are controlled by more than _______ alleles. Ex: Sex Determination 1. Humans have ___________ pairs of chromosomes 2. Of the ________ pairs of chromosomes in humans, _______ are autosomes (pairs that look alike) and _________ are sex chromosomes. 3. ________________________ is a diagram of the chromosomes (arranged in order for study 4. 5. Sex chromosomes are indicated by the letters ________ and ________ 6. Females sex chromosomes are ______________ 7. Male sex chromosomes are ____________ 8. Who controls the sex of offspring? Why? Sex-linked Inheritance 1. What are sex-linked traits? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 2. Can sex-linked traits be on the X or Y chromosome? ____________ Which is more common? _________________________ 3. Alleles are written as __________________ for sex-linked traits. What does it look like? ________________________________________ 4. X and Y are NOT homologous, so there are no corresponding alleles, so notation should NEVER be _________________________! Sex-linked traits are EITHER X-linked OR Y-linked! 5. Why are certain disorders (color blindness, hemophilia, muscular dystrophy) more common in males?___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Example: Color blindness C = normal Allele is XC c = color blind Allele is Xc Male with color blindness = __________________ Female with color blindness = ___________________ Female carrier of color blindness = ___________________ Normal (non-carrier) = ______________________________________________ Why can only females be carriers of X-linked traits?________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Can males or females pass on y-linked traits? ______________________ Practice Sex-linked Problem: Hemophilia is a lethal recessive sex linked trait. It causes your blood to be unable to clot. So, if you fall and cut your chin open, the blood will keep spurting out of your chin! If Queen Victoria carries a recessive trait for hemophilia XHXh and marries Albert who has hemophilia XhY. How many of their children will die from hemophilia? Polygenic inheritance are traits controlled by more than one ____________. Ex: