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Bellringer
• What happened to the Indus River
Valley civilization?
• Get out your vocab list
Agenda
1. Aryan migrations
2. Simulation: Wuzzles
3. Hindu Beliefs
Objectives
Students will be able to…
28. Explain the impact of Aryan
migration into India.
29. Describe the major beliefs and
traditions of Hinduism.
Objective #28
Indus River Valley
• Decline begins around 1750 BC
• Reason for fall is unknown
India Geography
• Isolated
–Peninsula
–Sub-continent
• Himalaya
• Hindu-Kush
• But, mountain passes allow migration
Aryan Migrations
• Aryan nomadic
groups
– Come from north of
the Black Sea
– Move into parts of
Asia and Europe
• Settle in India among
the agricultural
people already there
Aryan Culture
• Aryans brought elements of their
culture to India
–Gods
–Sacred writings: the Vedas and
Upanishads
–Religious rituals
–Social class structure
• Imposed their beliefs on the natives
Objective #29
Simulation: Wuzzles
The Caste System
• The rigid social class structure in India, a
part of Hindu beliefs
–Caste determines your social status,
job, friends, spouse
–Cannot change caste in your lifetime
–Move up if you lead a good life and
follow the rules
The Caste System
The Brahman
• Hindu spiritual goal is to reunite their
individual soul with Brahman, the
“World Soul”
• The world, all individuals and
individual souls, and all gods derive
from the Brahman
Hindu Gods
• All gods are “manifestations” of the
Brahman
• Manifestation: appearance in bodily form
–Hundreds or thousands of “gods”
–VERY open religion – can worship
many different things and be a Hindu
• Is it polytheistic or monotheistic?
Hindu Gods
• Common Hindu Gods
–Brahma, the creator
–Vishnu, the preserver
–Shiva, the destroyer
Freeing the Soul
• To reunite your atman with the
Brahman, you must achieve perfect
understanding: moksha
• This takes more than one lifetime!
Reincarnation (or rebirth in a new
body) occurs after the cycle of life,
samsara, is complete
• Reaching moksha ends reincarnation
Reincarnation
• Your position in the next life is
determined by karma, the sum of your
good and bad deeds and how well you
performed your dharma, or the duty of
your role in life
• Dharma is associated with your caste,
and karma determines what caste you
return to – a very serious punishment or
reward
Reasonable Question
• Why did so many people agree to a
religious, cultural, and social system
that made their lives miserable with
no hope of improvement?
Mr. Poth’s Rule of
World History #5
They’re called gods for a
reason
Summarize!