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Agenda 2/10/2015 • 5 A Day Slip Quiz • Chemical Reactions – test – return for quick review /not to keep • The Mole is ? – your thoughts • Notes • Homework 5A Day Slip quiz • Write out the following names and then write the correct molecular formula or formula unit for the compound 1. Dihydrogen monoxide 2. Carbon dioxide 3. Copper(II) sulfate 4. Manganese(IV) sulfide 5. Sulfuric acid A Mole is? • Your summaries/ thoughts • What’s Avogadro got to do with it? Carbon-12 isotope is stable and readily available all over the world The Mole The Mole is the SI base unit for the amount of a substance. The quantity one mole is set by defining one mole of carbon-12 atoms to have a mass of exactly 12 grams. The Mole as a Number of Particles The mole is the SI unit to measure the amount of a substance. 12g of carbon12 is set to define one mole and contains one mole of carbon-12 atoms. 23 10 One mole equals 6.02 x particles of the substance (atoms, molecules, ions). The Mole is a Unit song http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1R7NiIum2TI&NR=1 Think about how we assign a name to numbers all the time: A dozen eggs/roses/bread rolls 2 dozen 5 dozen A million 1 000 000 1.0 x 106 Dimensional analysis p 34 Conversion factor is a ratio of equivalent values used to express the same quantity in different units (always equal to 1) Change units without changing value. The mole is the SI unit to measure the amount of a substance. 12g of carbon-12 is set to define one mole and contains one mole of carbon-12 atoms also One mole equals 6.02 x 1023 particles of the substance (atoms, molecules, ions). 1 mole C-12 atoms = 12g C-12 = 6.022 x 1023 atoms 12g C-12 =1 6.022 x 1023atoms Or Dimensional analysis p 34 Conversion factor is a ratio of equivalent values used to express the same quantity in different units (always equal to 1) Change units without changing value. 1 mole C-12 atoms = 12g = 6.022 x 1023 atoms 6.022 x 1023 = 1 12g C-12 Dimensional analysis p 34 Conversion factor is a ratio of equivalent values used to express the same quantity in different units (always equal to 1) Change units without changing value. Qu. How many atoms of carbon-12 are contained in exactly 12 grams of carbon12? USING the conversion factor method: mass x 1 mole = # of moles mass of one mole 12 g x 6.02 x 1023 atoms = # of atoms 12 g 12 g x 6.022 x 1023 atoms = 6.022 x 1023 12 g atoms Dimensional analysis p 34 Conversion factor is a ratio of equivalent values used to express the same quantity in different units (always equal to 1) Change units without changing value. Qu. How many atoms of carbon-12 are contained in exactly 6 grams of carbon12? USING the conversion factor method : mass x 1 mole = # of moles mass of one mole 6 g x 6.022 x 1023 atoms = # of atoms 12 g 6 g x 6.022 x 1023 atoms = 3.011 x 1023 12 g atoms For mass of one mole of an element, look up atomic mass, then add grams as the unit Qu. How many atoms are in a silicon sample with a mass of 7g? USING the same conversion factor method: mass x 1 mole = # of moles mass of one mole 7 g x 6.02 x 1023 atoms = # of atoms g For mass of one mole of an element, look up atomic mass, then add grams as the unit CST Qu. How many atoms are in a silicon sample with a mass of 7g? USING the same conversion factor method: mass x 1 mole = # of moles mass of one mole 7 g x 6.02 x 1023 atoms = # of atoms 28 g 7 g x 6.02 x 1023 atoms = 1.5 x 1023 28 g atoms Works for molec ules too and going other way! Qu. How many moles of chlorine gas are contained in 9.02 x 1023molecules? USING the conversion factor method: Molecules have x 1 mole = # of moles molecules in 1 mole 9.02x1023 x 1 mole = 1.5 moles 6.02 x 1023 Answer = 1.5 moles Questions – with equations. CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2( ) + 2 H2O(g) Step 1: Look at the equation (check it is balanced) Questions – with equations. Combustion & Exothermic CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) Think 1 mole 2 moles 1 mole 2 moles CST Questions – with equations. Combustion & Exothermic CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) 1 mole 2 moles Look up Atomic masses OR Convert to number particles 1 mole 2 moles CST Questions – with equations. Combustion & Exothermic CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) Look up Atomic masses 1 mole 2 moles 1 mole 2 moles 12 + 4 2 x (16+16) 12+16 +16 16g 64 g 44g 2x(1+1+16) 36g CST Questions – with equations. Combustion & Exothermic CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) 1 mole 2 moles 16g 64 g OR 1 mole 2 moles 44g 36g 6.02x1023 2x(6.02x1023) 6.02x1023 2x(6.02x1023) Molecules molecules molecules molecules CST Questions – with equations. Combustion & Exothermic CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) 1 mole 2 moles 1 mole 2 moles 6.02x1023 2x(6.02x1023) 6.02x1023 2x(6.02x1023) 6.02x1023 Molecules 12.04x1023 molecules 6.02x1023 molecules 12.04x1023 molecules CST Questions – with equations. Combustion & Exothermic CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) 1 mole 2 moles 6.02x1023 Molecules OR 12.04x1023 molecules 1 mole 2 moles 6.02x1023 molecules 12.04x1023 molecules CST Questions – with equations. Combustion & Exothermic CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) 1 mole 2 moles 6.02x1023 6.02x1023 Molecules 12.04x1023 1.2x1024 molecules 1 mole 2 moles 6.02x1023 6.02x1023 molecules http://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/scinot.html 12.04x1023 1.2x1024 molecules Question: When propane gas is burned in the presence of oxygen, the following chemical reaction occurs. Combustion & Exothermic C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g) If 1 mole of propane reacts with 5 moles of oxygen, then how many molecules of Carbon dioxide and how many molecules of water vapor are produced? C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g) 1 mole 5 moles 3moles 4 moles ? Molecules ? molecules C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g) 1 mole 5 moles 3moles 4 moles 3x(6.02x1023) 4x(6.02x1023) C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g) 1 mole 5 moles 3moles 4 moles 3x(6.02x1023) 4x(6.02x1023) 18.06 x 1023 24.08x1023 molecules molecules C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g) 1 mole 5 moles 3moles 4 moles 3x(6.02x1023) 4x(6.02x1023) 18.06 x 1023 24.08x1023 molecules molecules 1.8 x 1024 2.4 x 1024 molecules molecules Section 11.1 Measuring Matter Counting Particles Practice Problems (p.311 and p. 312) 1, 2, 3, and 4 The Mole is a Unit song http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1R7NiIum2TI&NR=1 The mole is the SI unit to measure the amount of a substance. One mole equals 6.02 x 1023 particles of the substance (atoms, molecules, ions) Where does the number for the unit come from (and why is it often called Avogadro’s number)? Avogadro’s Principle: equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles. 22.4L 22.4L He H2 Cl2 28.2 cm 28.2 cm 22.4L 22.4L Molar Volume: A mole (6.02 x 1023 particles) of any gas occupies 22.4 L at STP (0°C which is 273 K and 1 atm). Homework Written work due on: 12 Feb, Thursday • Finish Practice problems set in class p 311 1, 2, and 3 and Practice Problem 4 on p 312 • The Mole – Chapter 11 Study Guide for Content Mastery – Read your textbook and answer questions in the study guide section 11.1., 11.2 and 11.3.