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Name:______________________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________________ Biology in the 21st Century Chapter Test A Answer Key Multiple Choice 1. b 2. a 3. d 4. c 5. c 6. a 7. d 8. a 9. c 10. b 11. a 12. b 13. c 14. a 15. c Short Answer 16. the type of soil in which each seedling is planted 17. independent variable: type of soil used; dependent variable: height of plant; constant: type of seedling used 18. qualitative 19. Answers will vary. Possible answers: In ten days, a tomato seedling will grow taller in potting soil than it will in either sand or clay. 20. The experiment lets you plant the seedlings in different types of soil and compare the height of the plants. 21. adaptations 22. Birds with a particular shape or size of beak must have been successful because the beak allowed them to eat particular foods in their environment. Those birds were more likely to survive and reproduce and pass on the beneficial trait. 23. Bird B; because it eats cactus 24. Bird A; because it eats insects 25. They would not compete for the same foods because each is adapted for a different type of food: finch A eats insects; finch C eats seeds; and finch D eats buds, leaves, and fruit. Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company Biology 1 Biology in the 21st Century Name:______________________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________________ Biology in the 21st Century Chapter Test A MULTIPLE CHOICE _____ 1. Scientists use observations and data to form and test a. constants. b. hypotheses. c. theories. d. conclusions. _____ 5. Similar organisms that can reproduce by interbreeding belong to the same a. ecosystem. b. environment. c. habitat. d. species. _____ 2. During an experiment, which factors are observed and measured? a. dependent variables b. independent variables c. constants d. hypotheses _____ 6. All the chemical processes used to build up or break down materials are called an organism’s a. metabolism. b. homeostasis. c. adaptations. d. stimuli. _____ 3. The variety of life across the biosphere is called a. biodiversity. b. genomics. c. homeostasis. d. ecology. _____ 7. What is the name given for genetic changes in living things over time? a. adaptation b. homeostasis c. evolution d. negative feedback _____ 4. Organisms rely on both negative feedback processes and behavior to maintain a. homeostasis. b. adaptations. c. ecosystems. d. evolution. Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company Biology 2 Biology in the 21st Century Name:______________________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________________ Chapter Test A, continued Short Answer Use the diagram below to answer the following: Seedling Soil Soil Appearance 1 potting soil damp, light 2 Sand dry, coarse 3 clay wet, heavy Plant Height at 10 Days 8.. In the experiment outlined in the table, three identical tomato seedlings are planted in three identical pots, placed in the same location, and watered on identical schedules. According to the table in Figure 1.3, what conditions differ for each seedling? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 9. Identify each of the following as independent variable, dependent variable, or constant: type of soil used, type of seedling used, and height of plant. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 10. Is soil appearance an example of qualitative (descriptive) or quantitative (numerical) data? _______________________________________________________________ 11. Write a possible hypothesis for this experiment. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 12. Describe how this experiment would let you test this hypothesis __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company Biology 3 Biology in the 21st Century