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THE RELATION BETWEEN THE VALUES pH, V AND S (HUMUS
THE RELATION BETWEEN THE VALUES pH, V AND S (HUMUS

... this part of the pHscurve, however, runs practically parallel with the first part. Soil no. 15(B 1396),with the lowest V* and S(humus)*value, also has the lowest pH*value (pH = 3,3). This last point lies fairly well in the line of the first part of the pH*curve. The cause of the deviation of the fou ...
Organic Production Systems Guidelines
Organic Production Systems Guidelines

... The information presented in this report aims to provide conventional growers, unfamiliar with organic farming and certification, sufficient detail to consider the various changes that may be required to current farming practices when assessing the feasibility of conversion to an organic system. The ...
Erosion and Sediment Control - International Erosion Control
Erosion and Sediment Control - International Erosion Control

... Sediment control suitable for stormwater outlets Rock filter dams (RFD) – Type 2 sediment trap for concentrated flows Sediment weirs (SW) – Type 2 sediment trap for concentrated flows Sediment basins (SB) – Type C (dry) basins Sediment basins (SB) – Type F & D (wet) basins Sediment basin spillways ...
piles - Dl4a.org
piles - Dl4a.org

... b) if fill is placed over a clay layer and causes it to consolidate ...
The Physical Environment of Rupestrian Grasslands (Campos
The Physical Environment of Rupestrian Grasslands (Campos

... Quartzite and metarenites, followed by canga and other Fe-rich substrates, igneous rocks and metamorphics, hence displaying a high diversity of substrates, with a major trait of extreme soil oligotrophy and acidity, and crucial variations in soil depth. The occurrence of well-documented areas of RG ...
Backyard Magic
Backyard Magic

... knows that, given enough time, organic matter can decompose even in the back of the fridge. Out in the backyard, nature certainly doesn’t care whether the compost is heaped out in the open or enclosed in a bin. ...
Potential Role for the Vetiver System in Gulf Coast
Potential Role for the Vetiver System in Gulf Coast

... soil erosion from wave action and lateral water movement and will protect the land side of the levee from scouring and breaching during an episode of over topping from a storm surge. How does vetiver do all this? By increasing the shear strength of the soil up to 40% with vetiver’s massive root syst ...
Read the e-book - KIS - University of Saskatchewan
Read the e-book - KIS - University of Saskatchewan

... problem facing Prairie agriculture. What emerged was a focus on organic matter (and the role that it played in water and nutrient availability), rather than a focus on moisture management. On the technological front, Roundup was introduced (it was first marketed to farmers in 1973). The introduction ...
samson agro incorporator cm/cmx
samson agro incorporator cm/cmx

... In addition, a larger quantity of the slurry is available to the plants because it is positioned directly at their roots. The lower volume of slurry when injecting – as opposed to the application of slurry with drip hose booms – ensures that the nutrients from the slurry are better preserved, becaus ...
Method of using an apparatus containing a paddle for
Method of using an apparatus containing a paddle for

... scale, it is relatively easy to maintain the aerobic conditions required by the bacteria; it is much more difficult to do on a larger scale. Failure to maintain aerobic conditions throughout the contaminate material results in anaerobic decay of the material, which is much less efficient and much mo ...
Food Web Responses to Augmenting
Food Web Responses to Augmenting

... 0.25-mm-pore sieve, and citrus fibrous roots were separated by hand from organic debris and weighed. The number of 0.41-kg boxes of citrus fruit from all trees in each plot was determined on 2 June 2006. Statistical methods: The effects of mulch and EPN augmentation were tested with two-way ANOVA. D ...
chickpea nitrogen fixation increases production of subsequent
chickpea nitrogen fixation increases production of subsequent

... The soil NO3-N values were generally very low (Table 3). These results have shown that there was no significant difference in soil nitrate content of all the plots in first yea. However, in the second and third years the NO3-N values were generally higher in treatments where chickpea was grown in ro ...
L-14 Land Degradation and a Monitoring Framework in
L-14 Land Degradation and a Monitoring Framework in

... Land degradation assessment was carried out in Somalia in response to numerous reports and suggestions about on-going different types of degradation (e.g. soil erosion, loss of vegetation due to charcoal production, nutrient decline, etc). A number of claims have been reported in the literature abou ...
Land Degradation - SAARC Agriculture Centre
Land Degradation - SAARC Agriculture Centre

... different land use systems. Present paper reports the extent, type and severity of land degradation in south Asian countries. Impact of land degradation contributing factors including population and poverty, climate change and natural hazards, agriculture globalization, overgrazing and livestock, su ...
A developed procedure for predicting the risk of liquefaction: A case
A developed procedure for predicting the risk of liquefaction: A case

... 2 boreholes were selected for discussion from the different segments of Rasht city based on engineering judgment. To compare the results of the liquefaction potential assessment with different approaches, the maximum liquefaction depth obtained from the different methods were compared with each othe ...
IMPACT OF PREDATORS ON THE ABUNDANCE OF
IMPACT OF PREDATORS ON THE ABUNDANCE OF

... to be attracted to earthworms, were investigated in an 8-week laboratory experiment. Our ...
Traditional agroforestry in the eastern Himalayan region
Traditional agroforestry in the eastern Himalayan region

... Abstract: Large scale land use transition for maximizing the benefits to meet the rising demands for food and other ecosystem services for the well being of the societies has been the main problem confronting sustainable development in the mountain areas. Agroforestry is one of the favoured land man ...
BEST FERNS FOR THE MID-SOUTH AREA By Christine
BEST FERNS FOR THE MID-SOUTH AREA By Christine

... (Fragilewood fbm) Grows hereand all over the world. Deciduous.Spreadsrapidly and makesa good low growing groundcover. Non-natives"very hardy here: Growing non-nativeferns is a matter of trial and effor and a challengeto fern lovers.New species, mostly Polystichumand Dryopteris from Japanand Southeas ...
AÙp löïc chuû ñoäng vaø bò ñoäng cuûa ñaát rôøi Thay ñoåi tyû
AÙp löïc chuû ñoäng vaø bò ñoäng cuûa ñaát rôøi Thay ñoåi tyû

... The Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion must be expressed in terms of effective stress, using effective parameters c’, ’. An effective stress analysis is always appropriate, irrespective of the drainage conditions. To perform an effective stress analysis the pore water pressures must be known. This usua ...
Microbial mobilization and immobilization of soil nitrogen
Microbial mobilization and immobilization of soil nitrogen

... As all other living organisms, bacteria need N for the synthesis of compounds necessary for growth, reproduction and survival, e.g. proteins, DNA and RNA. The assimilation of N can be divided into two separate events: 1. the uptake of N from the extracellular medium, and 2. the intracellular product ...
modelagem do escoamento, da produção de sedimentos e
modelagem do escoamento, da produção de sedimentos e

... Areas under intensive tobacco crop cultivation have been impacting the water balance and increasing soil erosion in Southern Brazil. Application of large amounts of mineral fertilizers, higher than the tobacco requirement, contributes to excessive phosphorus loads in soil and water bodies. The asses ...
Ecological functions of earthworms in soil - Wageningen UR E
Ecological functions of earthworms in soil - Wageningen UR E

... ecologists (Darwin 1881; Müller 1889). Endogeic earthworms have equally impressive effects: a single individual can ingest more than twice its weight in soil every day (Lee 1985). In ecosystems where they reach high biomass – up to over one tonne per hectare (Lavelle 1988) – virtually the entire top ...
Chapter 10 Keeping nutrients on farm
Chapter 10 Keeping nutrients on farm

... ‘Only a quarter of the nutrients brought onto a dairy farm leave it in product’ Considering the bigger picture of nutrient use in agriculture, there are questions about the sustainability of current nutrient applications and management. Will farmers in the future have the same access to nutrients as ...
Soil detritivore functioning in heterogeneously contaminated soils
Soil detritivore functioning in heterogeneously contaminated soils

... species Aporrectodea caliginosa had higher biomass in clean locations, whereas Allolobophora chlorotica showed higher biomass in more humid and more contaminated soils. It is more likely that the higher biomass of Aporrectodea chlorotica at the higher contaminated soils were due to the high humidity ...
Pleached Trees
Pleached Trees

... We offer delivery which may be free, dependant on order size and area. Details of charges are available from our Sales Team. All deliveries are accompanied by a delivery note. Larger orders, which fill a lorry, will be delivered on the day of your choice. To keep the delivery charges reasonable, sma ...
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Soil compaction (agriculture)

Soil compaction, also known as soil structure degradation, is the increase of bulk density or decrease in porosity of soil due to externally or internally applied loads. Compaction can adversely affect nearly all physical, chemical and biological properties and functions of soil. Together with soil erosion, it is regarded as the ""costliest and most serious environmental problem caused by conventional agriculture.""In agriculture, soil compaction is a complex problem in which soil, crops, weather and machinery interact. External pressure due to the use of heavy machinery and inappropriate soil management can lead to the compaction of subsoil, creating impermeable layers within the soil that restrict water and nutrient cycles. This process can cause on-site effects such as reduced crop growth, yield and quality as well as off-site effects such as increased surface water run-off, soil erosion, greenhouse gas emissions, eutrophication, reduced groundwater recharge and a loss of biodiversity.Unlike salinization or erosion, soil compaction is principally a sub-surface problem and therefore an invisible phenomenon. Special identification methods are necessary to locate, monitor and manage the problem appropriately.Top soil compaction is considered partly reversible and its occurrence controllable. Subsoil compaction, however, is regarded as the major problem because it can be permanent, meaning the pore functions can potentially not be restored after deterioration. Since farmers in modern intensive agriculture depend on heavy machinery and therefore cannot completely avoid compaction, soil compaction management approaches focus on mitigation. Attempts to mitigate soil compaction include biological, chemical and technical approaches. Long-term public policies can tackle the underlying reasons for soil compaction. For instance, subsidies for low-tech agriculture may decrease heavy machinery use on the field, and educational programs aiming at slowing population growth can lower the pressure on agriculture caused by population size.
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