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History Post Test Study Guide Key 1. European empire building in Africa and Asia contributed to which war? WWI 2. What were 3 reasons for the establishment of European overseas colonies? To spread Christianity, as a source of raw materials, and a market for European goods. 3. In the 1400s, who helped Portugal take an early lead in exploration by providing money to study navigation, develop better boats, and encourage voyages along the coast of Africa? Prince Henry 4. How did Canada achieve independence from Britain? By means of negotiations over a period of time. 5. What were some things that were exchanged as part of the Columbian Exchange? Crops, goods, & diseases. 6. The destruction of the Aztec and Incan civilizations occurred as a result of whose exploration of the Americas in the 1400s and 1500s? European 7. What were withdrawal from WWI, poverty, starvation, overthrow of the Czar, civil war and communism associated with? Russian Revolution 8. Who were the first inhabitants of Australia? People who migrated from Asia. 9. In the late 1700s the British government used the colony of Australia as what? A prison to which criminals could be sent 10. The first Australians were nomadic hunters and gatherers. When Europeans reached Australia, they called the dark skinned people what? Aborigines 11. Today some citizens and elected leaders of Quebec believe their province should take what action? Become an independent country 12. In the 1800s, Miguel Hidalgo helped to inspire the people of Mexico to rise up against which country to eventually gain independence? Spain 13. What do Toussaint L’Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, and Miguel Hildago have in common? Leaders of independence movements in Latin America 14. How did Haiti win its independence from France? In a revolt led by the former slave, Toussaint L’Ouverture 15. Which country had the most significant impact on the language and religion of Latin America? Spain 16. What was an important cause of the Russian Revolution of 1917? Differences among social and economic classes in Russia 17. How is Spain’s influence still seen in Latin America today? Most of the people speak Spanish and are Roman Catholic 18. The African slave trade grew because European nations wanted the captured Africans for what? To work on the plantations in their colonies 19. Today, some Canadian citizens are called “separatists” because they believe that one Canadian province should become an independent nation. In which Canadian province would a separatist most likely live? Quebec 20. Why were Cortes and Pizarro able to conquer the Aztecs and the Incas? European diseases killed many Native Central Americans who might have fought the Spanish 21. Who led the Spanish soldiers who conquered the Aztec Empire in Central America in the 1500s? Hernando Cortes 22. Why are Latin America and the Caribbean a very diverse, culturally blended area? Intermarriage of European settlers and indigenous peoples 23. Who led the Spanish soldiers who conquered the Incan civilization in the 1500s? Francisco Pizarro 24. Who was known as “The Liberator” and led Venezuela, Columbia, Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador in their successful fight for independence from Spain? Simon Bolivar