Download Virus Control Begins on the Pig Farm

Dow Microbial Control
Virus Control Begins on the Pig Farm
Your guide to preventing the spread of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Virus (PRRS), Porcine Circo Virus (PCV), Foot and
Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV), Pseudorabies Virus (PRV), Avian Influenza and other deadly viruses. Presented by Dow Microbial
Control, GLUTEX™ sanitizers and antimicrobials made with GENUINE GLUTARALDEHYDE can help protect your farm against
bacteria, viruses and fungi.
Virus Control Begins on the Pig Farm
Your farm is under constant threat of disease, including Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), Porcine Circo Virus
(PCV), Hog Cholera (Swine Fever), Foot and Mouth Disease (FMDV), Avian Influenza (H6N2/H5N1), Pseudorabies Virus (PRV) and
other potentially fatal diseases.
These diseases can be spread through your farm and into the human population through contaminated housing, unsanitary
equipment, other animals, farm staff or visitors, environmental stress, unclean feed, pests and parasites, contaminated water or
other means.
This guide outlines a number of measures, also recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United
Nations1, that can help you eliminate and control disease through a comprehensive sanitization and disinfection program.
Following this program can provide rapid protection for you, your family, your co-workers, your farm and the broader
human population.
We recommend disinfection steps in four areas: environment, people, feed & water equipment, animals.
FAO (2010) GOOD PRACTICES FOR BIOSECURITY IN THE PIG SECTOR – Issues and options in developing and transition countries
1
Virus Control Begins on the Pig Farm
Environment
The best way to avoid disease spread into the environment is
to prevent the introduction of organisms onto the farm. The
ideal prevention measure starts with a perimeter link fence to
keep wild animals, rodents and other animal pests out of the
farm. Similarly, mesh screens over all windows will keep wild,
potentially disease-carrying birds away from pig facilities.
All buildings should be as free of surface dirt as possible to
ensure that disinfection practices are not inhibited. A complete
disinfection of buildings entails spraying or fogging with a
disinfectant to reach inaccessible parts of the structure. Remove
all moveable equipment and animals from the rooms before
disinfecting. After the disinfection process is complete, allow
the structure to dry to further help kill germs. Bury or burn
used bedding, litter and other waste.
Special care needs to be taken in farrowing pens to ensure the
cleanliness of the newborn piglets. Once weaned, the piglets
should be moved to a sterile environment.
All farm vehicles and heavy equipment need to follow the same
strict cleaning and disinfecting regime as the farm facilities.
Farm staff should control all traffic flow to and from the farm.
All delivery and visitor vehicles, as well as the farm’s own
vehicles, need to follow the farm’s cleanliness policy. These
practices stress the cleaning of tires with disinfectant before and
after each vehicle enters the farm. Cargo areas of each vehicle
should also be disinfected after each delivery is unloaded.
To prevent disease spread at the environment level, the
following steps should be considered:
• Wherever possible, ensure that deliveries only reach the
farm perimeter and that drivers do not enter critical areas.
Make sure all outside land is cleared of litter, feed scraps,
debris and animal waste so the farm does not attract rodents
and other pests.
• Establish a well-planned rodent baiting and trapping policy.
Inspect the site after dark every two weeks to check for live
rodents.
• Install mesh screens over openings in buildings to prevent
the entry of birds.
• Make sure pig transport trucks are thoroughly cleaned and
disinfected before and after animals are loaded.
• Power wash entire buildings inside and out with disinfectant.
Foam remains in place longer, providing longer contact time.
• Be sure to spray all moveable equipment in addition to walls,
floors, posts and pens.
• Fog or mist all facilities with disinfectant as often as possible
in all farm buildings to achieve the highest level of infection
control.
Virus Control Begins on the Pig Farm
People
Hygiene is the critical factor in disease control and staff training is essential to ensure a successful disinfection and sanitization
program. Post written hygiene operating procedures or protocols in prominent places and ensure that everyone who enters the
farm follows them. In addition to understandable procedures, farm managers should provide staff and visitors with appropriate
protective clothing, including waterproof boots, protective overalls, gloves, goggles and masks. This gear should only be used on
the site and needs to be disinfected regularly on the farm premises in washing units designed specifically for this purpose. Where
on-site disinfection is not possible, specialist contracted laundry services should be used.
When entering and on leaving a pig unit or outdoor site, staff should immediately clean and disinfect boots and wash hands using
warm water and an antimicrobial hand soap.
Most importantly, entry to livestock pens should be restricted to those with essential duties. To ensure compliance by all staff
and visitors, clearly identify the perimeter of each pig unit and post signage that directs all visitors to a specified entry point and
instructs them to wait to be admitted by farm staff.
To prevent disease spread through staff and visitors, the
following steps should be considered:
• Establish a personal hygiene/disease control protocol and
train staff on its use. Post the written protocol in prominent
places throughout the farm, and be sure all staff and visitors
follow it.
• Prior to entry into animal facilities, all staff and visitors should
wash their hands well with an antimicrobial hand soap.
• Prior to handling animals or equipment, apply microbial
barrier cream to hands and arms. After handling equipment
or animals, disinfect hands with waterless hand cleaner.
Install dispensers throughout animal facility and be sure
antimicrobial soap is always available. Reapply microbial
barrier cream. Workers and visitors may also use disposable
disinfectant wipes to cleanse hands and arms before applying
barrier cream.
• When moving from one area of the farm to another, spray
rubber boots thoroughly before and after entry with a
disinfectant degreaser. Restrict access to live animal areas
to essential workers only. The only visitors who should
be allowed into these areas are veterinary personnel and
maintenance workers. If entry is necessary, ensure that all
visitors use protective clothing and rubber boots.
• When using disinfectants under the suggested
environmental, animal and feed/water equipment protocols,
staff must wear appropriate protective gear, including masks,
goggles, waterproof boots, overalls and gloves.
Virus Control Begins on the Pig Farm
Feed & Water Equipment
Healthy pigs are less susceptible to disease, and the key to a healthy pig is a healthy diet. To help ensure feed is fresh and
uncontaminated, store all feed in a secure area that is free of entry points for rodents and birds.
When transferring feed from the feed storage area to the live animal area, be sure that all workers sanitize their hands and arms
and wear appropriate protective clothing, including disinfected waterproof boots. Immediately remove any spilled feed that comes
into contact with anything other than the feeder before the animals eat it.
For effective disease prevention, implement a thorough disinfection program for all feeders, drinkers, holding tanks and pipe work
that carry feed and water from storage areas to live-animal areas.
To prevent disease spread through
contaminated feed and water
equipment, the following steps
should be considered:
• Provide a healthy and well-balanced
diet for all animals.
• Retain samples of every batch of feed
grain in case mycotoxins are found.
• Clear any spilled feed and remove it
from the feeding area before animals
can eat it.
• Ensure that all workers wash their
hands and arms with an antimicrobial
hand cleaner and apply an
antimicrobial barrier cream to reduce
the risk of feed contamination.
• Thoroughly disinfect all feed and water
tanks as well as the attached pipe work
that bring feed and water to the animals.
• Soak all small scale feed equipment in
a disinfectant solution overnight. Be
sure to rinse thoroughly after cleaning.
Virus Control Begins on the Pig Farm
Animals
The pig is a social animal that is particular about cleanliness. Pigs keep their feeding and drinking, social activities, and dung areas
completely separate. They need a warm constant temperature, and because their lungs are small, they need plenty of fresh air. To
maintain their immune systems, pigs must have a stress-free environment, plenty of clean water and a nutritious, well-balanced diet.
One of the major sources of infection is from new pig arrivals. Each new arrival must be kept separate for up to six weeks and
remain closely monitored before being integrated into the herd.
The “all-in, all-out” method of pig farming is the most effective system to break the cycle of infection. Using this method, all pens
in a room or house are emptied and then cleaned and disinfected properly before
being filled again with pigs. If the disinfection is done properly, all viruses or bacteria will be eliminated after one batch of pigs
leaves and before the next batch enters.
All farrowing rooms should have a consistent one-way flow of pigs. Do not hold small or weak pigs back to mix with younger pigs.
These pigs can carry infection back to the susceptible young. When working with pigs of different ages, try to arrange work from
the youngest to the oldest. Separate equipment should be used for different ages of pigs on farms. For example, do not use a brush
in the finishing buildings and again in the farrowing house.
To prevent disease spread at the animal level, the
following steps should be considered:
• Buy healthy animals with a Health (vaccination) Certificate
and avoid multiple sourcing and mixing. Test for common
diseases. Make sure pigs are properly identified and the
transport truck is properly disinfected beforehand. Power
wash the transport truck with the appropriate disinfectant
before and after loading animals.
• Isolate new pigs for 30 to 60 days, then retest for disease
before adding to the herd. Clean each pig’s skin.
• Do not expose piglets to new arrivals. Do not let new sows
into the farrowing house.
• Keep all areas clean and tidy.
• Special care is to be taken with sows in farrow and the piglets
afterwards. Keep farrowing crates or bedding particularly
clean and disinfected by spraying with a sanitizer. Be sure to
rinse well afterward.
• Sterilize area after weaned pigs have been moved. Use a hoof
bath or automated spray for feet of animals that move in and
out of buildings.
• Pigs need plenty of air and access to water. Make sure the
animal has the correct vaccines and medication, which can
be added to feed to ensure effective consumption.
• Keep animals away from rough, uneven floors to avoid
placing undue strain on leg joints.
• Pigs like a comfortable environment, so temperature
control is very important. Piglets like temperatures of
27-30° C, pigs lower.
Virus Control Begins on the Pig Farm
Stop the spread of disease.
Use GLUTEX™ products throughout your farm to help control disease spread. GLUTEX is proven effective against:
Virus Name
Animals Affected
Avian Influenza (H6N2, H5N1)
Birds
Avian Laryngotracheitis
Birds
Avian Reovirus
Birds
Avian Rotavirus
Birds
Canine Parvovirus
Cats/Dogs
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMDV)
Cattle, Goats, Swine, Sheep (Animals with split hooves)
Hog Cholera Virus (also known as classical swine fever)
Pigs
Human Corona Virus (the viral type associated with SARS)
Birds
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus
Birds
Infectious Bronchitis Virus
Birds
Marek’s Disease Virus
Birds
Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)
Birds
Porcine Circo Virus (PCV)
Pigs
Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS)
Pigs
Pseudorabies Virus (PRV)
Pigs
Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV)
Pigs
This booklet was written and published by Dow Microbial Control, a business unit of The Dow Chemical Company, to help reduce
the spread of viral diseases and their causative agents including Avian Influenza, Newcastle Disease, Avian Reovirus, Avian Rotavirus,
Human Corona Virus (the viral type associated with SARS), Marek’s Disease Virus, Infectious Bronchitis Virus, Infectious Bursal
Disease Virus and Avian Laryngotracheitis.
The GLUTEX™ product portfolio for animal housing biosecurity is based on the active molecule, glutaraldehyde.
Only GENUINE GLUTARALDEHYDE delivers the true benefits of glutaraldehyde.
Pathogens cause deadly diseases that devastate animal populations and destroy a farm. If kept uncontrolled, it may lead to severe
outbreaks including ailments and even death to animals and people associated with it. Using GENUINE GLUTARALDEHYDE can help
solve these problems. Unfortunately, inexpensive non-genuine glutaraldehyde products have emerged throughout Asia. Disreputable
blenders, formulators, producers and traders blend formaldehyde and other chemicals to reduce their costs, delivering a product they
pass off as glutaraldehyde. These non-genuine blends can put customers at risk for performance and financial loss, while putting the
workers and the environment at risk.
Dow Microbial Control can help protect your farm against bacteria, viruses and fungi using GLUTEX™ that is made with GENUINE
GLUTARALDEHYDE. GLUTEX™ Antimicrobials target pathogens that cause deadly animal diseases and helps control microorganisms
before they spread, which reduces your risk and maximizes your profits. It is very effective against animal and poultry housing,
hatcheries, farm vehicles and equipment, so that both your animals and your business remain sustainable and safe.
For more information on GENUINE GLUTARALDEHYDE, visit www.glutaraldehyde.com.
Dow Microbial Control
www.dowmicrobialcontrol.com
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