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Travel Destinations Introduction Chapter 1
Geography and Tourism: The Attraction of Place Introduction
Tourism is one of the leading industries in the _____________________
For some countries ____________________ is the primary economic activity
The primary factor that attracts tourists to a region is _______________________
Understanding ____________________________, characteristics of tourism and specific patterns of travel
in a region will help you in your travels and help advise others about their travels
The Attraction of Place
Human _______________________________ has led people to seek new places
International _________________________ is fairly new as a major activity in the world-growing more
and more after WWII-which brought people together from around the world
Changes in ________________________________-(airplanes) have also encouraged travel-Fast, cheapanyone can afford to go somewhere
Geography
Defined: study of the __________________ as the home of humans, understanding what makes each
place on earth different, unique
Location uniqueness results from physical settings of __________________, landform, and resources as
well as cultural factors such as buildings, economy, dress styles, religion, and politics
Internet Research Activity -Using the Internet
–1. Locate 3 different countries in different parts of the world (1 north of the equator, 1 on the equator and 1
south of the equator)
–2. Provide their climate information
–3. Provide their landform (island, coastal, inland, mountain, rivers, ocean, sea, lowlands, etc.)
–4. List 2 of their natural resources and 2 cultural elements (dress, religion, language)
–Present finding in a short report-copy and paste is OK, produce in MS Word, 1 or 2 paragraphs
The Elements of Geography
LOCATION: where the place is on_________________
TIME: related to longitudinal location, _________________time zones, based on Greenwich, England
time and the __________________________ Date Line
(180 degrees of _______________________
Grid lines on a map are the main tool to find a ____________________
Activity: look at a map and a globe, locate the grid lines, Greenwich, England, the Prime Meridian, and the
International Date Line
Latitude
Defined: parallel lines extending _______________ and ___________________ that measure how far you
are from the equator-north and south
Latitude is measured in ____________________ of arc from the equator with 0 degrees being at the
equator and 90 degrees being the _____________________ or South Pole
All points north of the equator are in the _________________ hemisphere and south of the equator are in
the____________________ hemisphere
Latitude
Activity: List a country-1. On the equator 2. At the 15th parallel, north 3. At the 30th parallel, north 4.
Above the 75th parallel, north 5. At the 15th parallel south 6. Below the 60th parallel south-write the list in
Word
Longitude
Defined: measure of a point easterly or westerly of the ___________________
_________________________ of Greenwich, England (near London)
Meridians: lines that extend _______________ and south from pole to pole, not parallel, beginning with
the ___________ ____________________ and going 180 degrees around the earth to the International Date
Line
The British
Developed the measure of longitude and latitude at the ____________ ____________ in Greenwich,
England near London
Any place can be identified by its latitude and ___________, example: 40 degrees north latitude, 116
degrees east longitude identifies Beijing, China
Degrees are further subdivided into ____________________ and seconds to get more accurate, and can
identify a location to within a few yards (gps project)
Locate Cities
Using Latitude and Longitude
Nashville, AR _____ Latitude, ___ Longitude
Little Rock, AR
_____ Latitude, ___ Longitude
New York, NY
_____ Latitude, ___ Longitude
The World Divided
Into hemispheres or ___________________
Northern and Southern hemisphere divided by the _______________ (parallels)
Eastern hemisphere to the east of Greenwich, England 0 to __________________ degrees east (prime
meridian)
Western hemisphere to the west of _______________ 0-180 west (prime meridian)
180 degrees east or west ends at the International Date line
Time
World time is understood in relation to longitudinal location-____________ time zones- 15 degrees ea.
The International Date Line marks changes in the _____________________
Traveling eastward, crossing time zones, you must ADD or _________ your clock one hour for each time
zone until you reach the 180 degrees longitude, where the date changes to the previous day (yesterday)
Time
Traveling westward, crossing time zones, you must turn your clock _______________1 hour for each time
zone until you reach the IDL, when you cross the IDL from the west you cross over to the next day
(tomorrow)
Example: Flying from LAX to Sydney, AUS, 13 hours, you would arrive the next day, but flying from
Sydney to LAX, you would arrive the same day
Time
Themes of Geography
Location:
•Absolute-exact mathematical point on_________________, site
•Relative- with respect to other _____________________, near others, accessibility isolation,
•Geographic- combine absolute and relative location, _________________ combinations mean good
development, ______________________combinations mean poor development for place, example: England
or Japan= easy access, good geographically, has developed greatly, whereas countries like Chad and Rwanda
located in the interior of Africa are not easily accessed and therefore stay poor because of lack of
transportation and contact to the outside world
Themes of Geography
Place and Space:
–Physical Characteristics: with respect to the surface of the earth, where ____________ can live
–Climate: environment factor, _______________________, temperature, amount of sun, snow, rain,
heat/cold, winds, seasonal distribution
–Vegetation: the general zones of vegetation follow the general zones of temperature and rain, causing a
variety of species of ____________ ___________, the tropical forests being the largest biomass (vegetative
matter)
Themes of Geography
Place and Space
–Landforms: the _____________________ features of a specific place, the physical landscape give
character to the place, mountains, oceans, beaches, rivers, lowlands, deserts, swamps, islands, mainland,
interior areas
–Places that have high attractiveness are often called “_________________ wonders”
Ecotourism
Defined: Travel that aims to “preserve the ____________________ world”
Aim to leave a destination without destruction or _______________ a result of tourism unless it is an
improvement of the natural environment
Travel to environmentally unique areas is rapidly __________________-concerned about protecting the
environment
Themes of Geography
Human and Cultural Characteristics
–Unique differences between people, referred to as the _________________ geography of place
–Culture is acquired ____________________, the way of life held in common by a group of people, it is
learned, Speech, behavior, ideology, livelihood, technology, language, clothing, food, politics, religion,
architectural styles
_______________________ is one of the most important aspects of culture
Language is important for tourism
–First-most people travel to places where people speak the same language
–Second-it may be a_________________________ to tourist, they fear going to places that do not speak
their language (lack of communications and understanding)
–Language barriers_____________________ the movement of tourist
Food and Clothing
Foods eaten by groups often reflect cultural ___________________-Religion plays a large part
–Example: Hindus in India do not eat _______________ or dairy products, while people in the Middle East
do not eat ____________
–In the North America people do not eat ___________________ because they are pets & work animals,
while in other countries they do-it’s almost like beef, nothing bad about them
Foods are part of the character of an area however, are generally not considered a major
____________________________ in and of themselves
Clothing differences are one of the most _______________ characteristics of place
Dress adds character to a place
Clothing, food and language create ____________________ about a place and attract travelers
Political Systems and Religion
These institutionalize the way of life
Set what people can do and what they cannot do
In some countries the political system and religion are separate while in others religious law is political law
6 Broad Regions Of
Legal Systems
Germanic Law-Roman/Latin law-Socialist law-English common law-Islamic law-Tribal and minor ethnic
legal traditions
Directly impact ______________, Currency regulations-no $ in some countries, Entertainment-all
gambling OK in Monaco, Foods-no pork in some countries, no meat
Dress-female bathers must wear tops in U.S (few beaches) but in France, tops not required
Architectural Styles
One of the most __________________ aspects of culture
Buildings reflect character of ______________
Architectural styles vary from rural to urban in most areas of the world
Cityscapes:Focus On Human Activity
Nearly ½ of the world’s population lives in _____________________
There are ____________ basic types of cities
–Market Cities: developed to provide ___________ & ___________ to surrounding regions, food sources
–Transportation Cities: occur along trade _________________, where land and water come together, usually
largest and most important
–Specialized Cities: __________________, mining, administration, religion, resorts, many world class,
known individually for their specialization
Tourist Want…
To visit a visit and see a _____________________ place
A few comforts of___________________: a clean bed, good meal, other amenities
A variety of _________________________ and leisure pursuits such as shopping, theaters, museums,
discos and sports arenas
Farm and Country:
The Rural Landscape
In industrialized countries the rural areas offer the______________ from city routine and work
Elements of the rural landscape include types of crops, the size of ______________, fencing styles and
materials in the area, farm villages or settlements, folk culture or way of life for different groups, also the
development of national parks and game reserves
Movement Within Places
Complementarily: different places __________________ each other-one may have food and services to
offer, the other may have recreation and climate for leisure activities
Intervening Opportunity: the ability to _________________ one place for another, example-going to the
lake instead of driving all the way to the ocean, or going to the Mississippi Gulf instead of going to the
Atlantic in Florida, Six Flags instead of Disney World
Transferability or accessibility: easy to get to
Barriers to Travel: Tourist Safety
One of the major concerns is personal ___________________
Bad news from countries will _____________________ tourism
–Killings, drug-pushers, robberies, muggings, other criminal activities
Regions of the World
Distribution of Wealth:
–1st World-____________________, technologically industrial nations of the Western World
–2nd World Countries-those of centrally planned _______________ such as the Soviet Union, Cuba and
China, however, with the break up of the USSR, this is fast becoming meaningless
–3rd World Countries-those ____________________ countries where the level of living is low, lack of
industry, mass poverty, mostly farming, with only people and animal power for energy, over populated,
under fed, no jobs, no money
Economic Development
–Rich: high per capita_____________________, high levels of personal consumption, large middle class,
manufacturing, Europe, North America, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Israel-most tourist
–Poor: ____________________ developed, most employed by agriculture, poverty is the rule, least
industrialized, less tourism
IATA
Divides world into_________________ zones for tourism
_______________________, Greenland in Zone 1
_____________________, the Middle East and Africa in Zone 2
Far East, _________________________, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands in Zone 3