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Transcript
The Dynamic Earth Chapter 3, sec. 1 Earth as a System 1. Geosphere = soil, rock and layers of inner Earth 2. Atmosphere = mixture of gases 3. Hydrosphere = water on or near the Earth’s surface 4. Biosphere = where life exhists The Geosphere • Most is located in Earth’s interior • Use seismic waves to learn about interior -wave is altered by the material it travels through Geosphere • 1. 2. 3. 3 chemical layers Crust Mantle core Geosphere • Crust – Thin outer layer – Composed of light elements – Less than 1% of mass – Thinnest layer (5km – 8km) Geosphere • Mantle – Beneath the crust – 64% of Earth’s mass – 2,900 km thick – Made of rocks Geosphere • Core – Innermost layer – Densest elements – Radius of 3,400km – Makes up 1/3 of mass Geosphere • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 5 physical layers Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mesosphere Outer Core Inner Core Geosphere • Lithosphere – Outer most layer – Cool rigid layer – 15km – 300km thick – Includes crust and upper mantle – Tectonics plates Geosphere • Asthenosphere – Beneath lithosphere – Plastic, solid layer of the mantle – Made of rock the flows – Allows movement of tectonic plates Geosphere • Mesosphere – Beneath asthenosphere – “middle” sphere – Lower part of the mantle Geosphere • Outer Core – Dense liquid layer – Outer shell of the core – Nickel and iron Geosphere • Inner Core – Dense, solid – Iron and nickel – 4,000 °C to 5,000 °C – Solid due to pressure