Download The Persian Wars – Summary Battle Land or Sea Leaders Results

The Persian Wars – Summary
Battle
Marathon
490BC
Land or Sea Leaders
Land
Callimachus
(Ath)
Miltiades (Ath)
Datis (Per)
Artaphernes
(Per)
Results
Athens won a land battle –
Persians went to Athens; saw
Athenians and retreated
Significance
1st time Persians defeated
Morale boost for Greeks
Seen Spartans weren’t needed to win
‘Men of Marathon’ seen as heroes and
Athens increased in prestige
Greeks Involved
Athenians
Plataeans
Land
Leonidas (Sp)
Xerxes (Per)
Isthmus fortified
Leonidas and 300 Spartans killed
Athens evacuated
Greeks lost pass.
Leonidas and his men became mythical –
rallying catch cry to inspire others
Gave Greeks time to prepare
Artemisium
480 BC
Sea
Eurybiades (Sp)
Themistocles
(Ath)
200 Persian ships destroyed going
down Euboean coast
Both sides sustained heavy
casualties
Salamis
480 BC
Sea
Eurybiades (Sp)
Themistocles
(Ath)
Xerxes (Per)
Land
Pausanias (Sp)
Mardonius (Per)
Masistius (Per)
Artabazes (Per)
Persian fleet withdrew
Greeks followed as far as Andros to
punish them
Xerxes went to Sardis; soldiers
joined Mardonius – who made
plans to attack Peloponnese and
detach Athens from the Greek
alliance
Greeks won and Mardonius killed
Break into stockade and take
tremendous amount of booty
Persian fleet almost halved by time they
got to Salamis
Was able to protect Leonidas
Themistocles used propaganda to entire
Greeks in Persian fleet to betray them
Turning point in 2nd invasion
Weakened the allegiance of the Greeks in
Asia Minor and paved the way for the
revolt in 479BC
Themistocles naval policy justified
Salamis a victory for the Athenian govt
End of combined land/sea attack
Spartans
Thebans
Thespians
Locrians
10000 altogether
Athens
Sparta
Nathan
Thermopylae
480 BC
Daniel
Ashley
Plataea
479 BC
Angela
Greeks proved they could win on terrain
chosen by Persians
End of attack on mainland Greece and
Greeks go on offensive
Greek unity displayed
Athens
Sparta + others
Sparta
Athens
Tegea
+ 20 city states
Mycale
479 BC
Land/Sea
Leotychides (Sp)
Xanthippus
(Ath)
Led to Ionian revolt – problem for
Gks how to protect them.
Gks of Asia Minor left without any
protective alliance.
Ended defense of mainland Greece
Leadership of Athens at Sestos was
pivotal to the establishment of Delian
league in following year
Sparta
Athens